将观测到的动力学暗能量偏好与跨宇宙学探针的$Ω_m$和$H_0$差异统一起来
Uniting the Observed Dynamical Dark Energy Preference with the Discrepancies in $Ω_m$ and $H_0$ Across Cosmological Probes
AI总结：
该研究通过模拟验证了动力学暗能量宇宙学可同时解释不同宇宙学探针的$Ω_m$、$H_0$测量差异与联合暗能量信号，同时强调了系统误差研究的重要性。
摘要：
来自Ia型超新星（SNe）、重子声学振荡（BAO）和宇宙微波背景（CMB）的最新结果表明：1）在ΛCDM模型下单独分析时，物质密度$Ω_m$和哈勃常数$H_0$的测量结果可能存在不一致；2）在联合分析中整合数据时，$w_0w_a$CDM模型下存在动力学暗能量的迹象。我们研究了数据支持的潜在动力学暗能量宇宙学，是否会导致各探针在ΛCDM模型下单独分析时的$Ω_m$和$H_0$测量出现偏差。我们在$w_0w_a$CDM宇宙学模型中生成模拟数据集，在ΛCDM模型下拟合各探针数据，发现$Ω_m$的预期偏差约为0.03。值得注意的是，不同探针间的$Ω_m$差异与真实数据集中观测到的数值一致。我们还发现，在$w_0w_a$CDM宇宙学中生成的DESI-BAO模拟数据集，在ΛCDM模型下拟合时会导致$H_0$测量值偏高约1.2km/s/Mpc，看似轻微缓解了哈勃张力，但由于真实的底层$H_0$更低，这种张力实际上反而加剧了。我们发现，$Ω_m$差异、BAO测得的$H_0$相对于CMB偏高，以及联合动力学暗能量信号，都是相关的效应，可以同时用新物理或新系统误差来解释。虽然有可能将近期分析中发现的许多差异沿单一方向统一起来，但我们的结果强调了理解数据集中系统差异的重要性，因为它们在不同的宇宙学参数空间中具有独特的影响。
英文摘要：
Recent results from Type Ia Supernovae (SNe), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) indicate 1) potentially discrepant measurements of the matter density $Ω_m$ and Hubble constant $ H_0 $ in $Λ$CDM model when analyzed individually, and 2) hints of dynamical dark energy in a $w_0w_a$CDM model when data are combined in a joint analysis. We examine whether underlying dynamical dark energy cosmologies favored by data would result in biases in $Ω_m$ and $ H_0 $ for each probe when analyzed individually under $Λ$CDM. We generate mock datasets in $w_0w_a$CDM cosmologies, fit the individual probes under the $Λ$CDM model, and find expected biases in $Ω_m$ are $\sim 0.03$. Notably, the $Ω_m$ differences between probes are consistent with values observed in real datasets. We also observe that mock DESI-BAO datasets generated in the $w_0w_a$CDM cosmologies will lead to a biased measurement of $H_0$ higher by ($\sim1.2$km/s/Mpc) when fitted under $Λ$CDM, appearing to mildly improve the Hubble tension, but as the true underlying $H_0$ is lower, the tension is in fact worsened. We find that the $Ω_m$ discrepancies, the high BAO $ H_0 $ relative to CMB, and the joint dynamical dark energy signal are all related effects that could be explained \textit{simultaneously} with either new physics or new systematics. While it is possible to unite many of the discrepancies seen in recent analyses along a single axis, our results underscore the importance of understanding systematic differences in datasets, as they have unique impacts in different cosmological parameter spaces.
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