基于比尔-朗伯模型从仅使用两个波长的光电容积脉搏波无创体内估算糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）
Noninvasive In vivo Estimation of HbA1c Based on Beer Lambert Model from Photoplethysmogram Using Only Two Wavelengths
AI总结：
针对糖尿病控制中HbA1c的无创测量需求，本文基于比尔-朗伯模型，仅用615和525 nm两个波长的光电容积脉搏波，结合比率校准及额外HbA1c值校准，实现了与三波长方法性能相当的无创HbA1c估算。
摘要：
糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）是糖尿病控制中最重要的指标。由于HbA1c反映了前三个月的平均血糖水平，因此不受患者测试前活动水平或饮食的影响。无创HbA1c测量可减少指尖采血带来的疼痛和并发症。光电容积脉搏波描记术（Photoplethysmography）有助于无需血液样本测量HbA1c。本文仅使用两个波长（615和525 nm）无创估算HbA1c，应用了两种不同的比率校准方法，并将性能与使用三个波长的研究进行比较。对于指尖类型，考虑血管模型和全手指模型的比率校准时，HbA1c估算的Pearson相关系数r值分别为0.896和0.905。除比率校准外，再使用另一个（HbA1c）值校准，可提升性能：血管模型和全手指模型的HbA1c水平Pearson r值分别为0.929和0.930。在之前使用三个波长的研究中，血管模型和全手指模型的Pearson r值分别为0.916和0.959。本文中，应用血氧饱和度（SpO2）比率校准时，SpO2估算的RCF为0.986；而在之前的研究中，血管模型和全手指模型的SpO2估算RCF值分别为0.983和0.986。因此，我们证明仅使用两个波长的HbA1c估算性能与之前的研究相当。
英文摘要：
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the most important factor in diabetes control. Since HbA1c reflects the average blood glucose level over the preceding three months, it is unaffected by the patient's activity level or diet before the test. Noninvasive HbA1c measurement reduces both the pain and complications associated with fingertip piercing to collect blood. Photoplethysmography is helpful for measuring HbA1c without blood samples. Herein, only two wavelengths (615 and 525 nm) were used to estimate HbA1c noninvasively, where two different ratio calibrations were applied and performances were compared to a work that uses three wavelengths. For the fingertip type, the Pearson r values for HbA1c estimates are 0.896 and 0.905 considering ratio calibrations for blood vessel and whole finger models, respectively. Using another value (HbA1c) calibration in addition to ratio calibrations, we can improve this performance, such that the Pearson r values of HbA1c levels are 0.929 and 0.930 for blood vessel and whole finger models, respectively. In the previous study using three wavelengths, the Pearson r values were 0.916 and 0.959 for the blood-vessel and whole-finger models, respectively. Here, the RCF of SpO2 estimation is 0.986 when SpO2 ratio calibration is applied, while in the previous study, the RCF values of SpO2 estimation were 0.983 and 0.986 for the blood-vessel and whole finger models, respectively. Thus, we show that HbA1c estimation using only two wavelengths has comparable performance to previous studies.
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