耦合热点：区分正负陆气相互作用
Coupling hotspots: distinguishing between positive and negative land-atmosphere interaction
AI总结：
为改进天气气候预测，本文通过解析关系揭示土壤湿度方差对陆气耦合热点的关键控制作用，结合最新数值实验发现热点存在正负反馈且识别新热点，强调其对极端气候的影响及生态脆弱区的重要性。
摘要：
理解陆面与大气之间的复杂相互作用对于改进天气和气候预测至关重要。各种数值实验表明，强耦合强度区域（热点）位于过渡气候带。然而，这些热点中的大气过程对地表特性扰动的响应不同。本文建立了解析关系，以确定土壤湿度方差在控制耦合热点中的关键作用。通过最新数值实验，我们发现两个此类热点存在不同符号的反馈，表明耦合既可以强化也可以减弱持续的极端气候。我们还在降水对土壤湿度扰动高度敏感的区域发现了新的耦合热点。研究结果强调了广大区域陆气相互作用的符号和强度的重要性，这些区域的生态系统和社区特别容易受到极端气候事件的影响。
英文摘要：
Understanding the complex interactions between land surface and atmosphere is essential to improve weather and climate predictions. Various numerical experiments have suggested that regions of strong coupling strength (hotspots) are located in the transitional climate zones. However, atmospheric processes in these hotspots are found to have different responses to the perturbation of surface properties. Here we establish analytical relationships to identify key role of soil moisture variances in controlling the coupling hotspots. Using the most recent numerical experiments, we find different signs of feedback in two such hotspots, suggesting the coupling can either reinforce or attenuate persistent extreme climates. We further uncover new coupling hotspots in regions where precipitation is highly sensitive to soil moisture perturbation. Our results highlight the importance of both signs and magnitudes of land-atmosphere interactions over extensive regions, where the ecosystems and communities are particularly vulnerable to the extreme climate events.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
