第一代星系中经历化学均匀演化的快速旋转恒星的特征
Signatures of Rapidly Rotating Stars with Chemically Homogeneous Evolution in the First Galaxies
AI总结：
本文研究快速旋转且经历化学均匀演化的大质量恒星如何显著增强早期星系紫外光度，从而解释 JWST 在 z≳10 观测到的紫外明亮星系，并降低对极端恒星形成效率的需求。
摘要：
詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜（JWST）揭示了在红移 z≳10 处意外丰富的紫外明亮星系，这对“标准”星系形成模型构成了挑战。本研究探讨了经历化学均匀演化（CHE）的快速旋转（大质量）恒星在调和这一潜在矛盾中的作用。这类恒星更致密、更热，并表现出增强的紫外发射。我们发现，当初始质量下限 m_{⋆,min}^{CHE}∼2–10 M_⊙ 以上的 CHE 恒星在遵循 Salpeter 初始质量函数的总恒星质量中占比超过一半时，恒星形成星系的静止系紫外光度可显著增强约 3–6 倍。因此，在 z∼12–16 处观测到的紫外光度函数可以用较不极端的恒星形成效率和紫外光度随机变异性值来再现。我们的结果凸显了 CHE 在解释 JWST 探测到的紫外明亮星系族群方面的潜力，并呼吁未来工作探索 CHE 及其相关现象在早期宇宙中更广泛的天体物理影响，例如伽马射线暴、致密天体双星和金属增丰。
英文摘要：
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed an unexpectedly high abundance of UV luminous galaxies at redshifts $z\gtrsim 10$, challenging `standard' galaxy formation models. This study investigates the role of rapidly rotating (massive) stars undergoing chemically homogeneous evolution (CHE) in reconciling this potential tension. These stars are more compact, hotter, and exhibit enhanced UV emission. We find that the rest-frame UV luminosity of star-forming galaxies can be significantly enhanced by a factor of $\sim 3-6$ when CHE stars above a minimum initial mass of $m_{\star,\min}^{\rm CHE}\sim 2-10\ \rm M_\odot$ account for more than half of the total stellar mass following a Salpeter initial mass function. As a result, the UV luminosity functions observed at $z\sim 12-16$ can be reproduced with less extreme values of star formation efficiency and UV luminosity stochastic variability. Our results highlight the potential of CHE in explaining the UV-bright galaxy populations detected by JWST and call for future work to explore the broader astrophysical implications of CHE and its associated phenomena in the early universe, such as gamma-ray bursts, compact object binaries, and metal enrichment.
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