强耦合下 Disorder 引起的光谱分裂与 Rabi 分裂
Disorder-Induced Spectral Splitting versus Rabi Splitting under Strong Light-Matter Coupling
AI总结：
研究揭示强杂质可导致类似Rabi分裂的光谱分裂，其机制源于暗模式，而非极子，挑战了传统对强耦合与杂质效应的区分。
摘要：
强光-物质耦合通常与Rabi分裂的观测相关，对应于形成称为极子的混合光-物质状态。然而，这种关系是基于假设杂质可以忽略或作为微扰效应的推导。与传统处理杂质效应不同，我们通过开发非微扰有效模型结合经典电磁动力学模拟，研究强杂质对吸收光谱的影响。有趣的是，我们发现强杂质导致的光谱分裂增强，其特征与Rabi分裂相似，但其机制源于暗模式的诱导。具体而言，我们研究了接近等离子体纳米盘的无序分子集合，并在吸收光谱中展示了由杂质引起的光谱分裂。这一结论引发争议，表明极子（在强耦合 regime 中占主导）和暗模式（在强杂质 regime 中占主导）均可导致光谱分裂，仅凭稳态吸收光谱无法区分二者。
英文摘要：
The notion of strong light-matter coupling is typically associated with the observation of Rabi splitting, corresponding to the formation of the hybrid light-matter states known as polaritons. However, this relationship is derived based on the assumption that disorder can be ignored or acts as a perturbative effect. Contrary to conventional treatment of disorder effects, we investigate the impact of strong disorder on the absorption spectrum by developing a non-perturbative effective model combined with classical electrodynamics simulation. Intriguingly, we find that strong disorder leads to an enhanced spectral splitting that closely resembles Rabi splitting, yet originates from a fundamentally different mechanism as induced by the dark modes. Specifically, we examine a disordered molecular ensemble in proximity to a plasmonic nanodisk and demonstrate disorder-induced spectral splitting in the absorption spectrum. This conclusion raises a controversial issue, suggesting that both polaritons (dominate in the strong coupling regime) and dark modes (dominate in the strong disorder regime) can lead to spectral splitting, and one cannot distinguish them solely based on the steady-state absorption spectrum.
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