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arXiv 2411.02494astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEgr-qc
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双中子星的宇宙学:质量-红移相关性重要吗?

Cosmology with Binary Neutron Stars: Does Mass-Redshift Correlation Matter?

Soumendra Kishore Roy, Lieke A. C. van Son, Anarya Ray, Will M. Farr

AI总结:

本研究使用COMPAS代码生成双中子星并合星表,探究假设BNS质量分布不随红移演化对宇宙学参数推断的影响,发现其偏差极小,证实BNS是下一代引力波探测器时代光谱警笛宇宙学的理想候选者。

摘要:

下一代引力波探测器预计将在宇宙学距离上探测到数百万个致密双星并合事件。这些并合事件质量分布的特征,结合引力波距离测量,将使得精确的宇宙学推断成为可能,甚至无需电磁对应体。然而,要获得准确的结果需要对质量谱进行建模,特别是要考虑可能存在的红移演化。与双黑洞(BBH)或中子星-黑洞(NSBH)并合相比,双中子星(BNS)并合被认为受金属丰度变化的影响较小。其质量谱在宇宙时间上的稳定性,降低了因红移演化而在宇宙学参数中引入偏差的几率。在本研究中,我们使用星族合成代码COMPAS生成天体物理学驱动的BNS并合星表,并探究假设BNS质量分布不随红移演化是否会在宇宙学参数推断中引入偏差。我们的研究结果表明,尽管在COMPAS的双星物理假设和初始条件下,BNS质量分布存在显著差异,但联合的质量-红移星群可以表示为在红移上边缘化的质量分布与在质量上边缘化的红移分布的乘积。这使得对Hubble常数实现2%的无偏约束成为可能,足以解决Hubble常数危机。此外,我们发现在COMPAS的基准设置中,对于在红移0.4处测量的Hubble参数,非演化BNS质量模型带来的偏差小于0.5%。这些结果确立了BNS并合作为下一代引力波探测器时代光谱警笛宇宙学的强有力候选者。

英文摘要:

Next-generation gravitational wave detectors are expected to detect millions of compact binary mergers across cosmological distances. The features of the mass distribution of these mergers, combined with gravitational wave distance measurements, will enable precise cosmological inferences, even without the need for electromagnetic counterparts. However, achieving accurate results requires modeling the mass spectrum, particularly considering possible redshift evolution. Binary neutron star (BNS) mergers are thought to be less influenced by changes in metallicity compared to binary black holes (BBH) or neutron star-black hole (NSBH) mergers. This stability in their mass spectrum over cosmic time reduces the chances of introducing biases in cosmological parameters caused by redshift evolution. In this study, we use the population synthesis code COMPAS to generate astrophysically motivated catalogs of BNS mergers and explore whether assuming a non-evolving BNS mass distribution with redshift could introduce biases in cosmological parameter inference. Our findings show that despite significant variations in the BNS mass distribution across binary physics assumptions and initial conditions in COMPAS, the joint mass-redshift population can be expressed as the product of the mass distribution marginalized over redshift and the redshift distribution marginalized over masses. This enables a 2% unbiased constraint on the Hubble constant-sufficient to address the Hubble tension. Additionally, we show that in the fiducial COMPAS setup, the bias from a non-evolving BNS mass model is less than 0.5% for the Hubble parameter measured at redshift 0.4. These results establish BNS mergers as strong candidates for spectral siren cosmology in the era of next-generation gravitational wave detectors.

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