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arXiv 2411.02475quant-ph
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Floquet合成维度中方格晶格之外的量子化拓扑相

Quantized topological phases beyond square lattices in Floquet synthetic dimensions

Samarth Sriram, Sashank Kaushik Sridhar, Avik Dutt

AI总结:

本研究提出利用Floquet合成维度和动态调制的ring resonators实现非方格晶格Hamiltonian,直接进行$k$-space工程,模拟Haldane等拓扑相并验证其鲁棒性,为高维晶格拓扑模拟提供了新架构。

摘要:

拓扑效应在各种晶格几何结构中均有体现。虽然方格晶格因其简单性而被用于支持非平凡拓扑的模型,但一些奇特的拓扑现象(如Dirac点、Weyl点和Haldane相)最常见于非方格晶格中。典型的非方格晶格例子包括graphene的honeycomb晶格和Kagome晶格,它们都破坏了基本对称性,并且能够表现出量子化输运,特别是在引入长程跃迁和规范场时。可控地实现长程跃迁和规范场的挑战促使了大量研究的开展,这些研究致力于利用编码在“合成”维度中的晶格。光子尤其具有许多内部自由度,因此展现出实现这些合成维度的潜力;然而,迄今为止大多数光子合成维度仅创建了1D或2D方格晶格。在这里,我们展示了可以使用Floquet合成维度来实现非方格晶格Hamiltonian。我们的构造使用了动态调制的ring resonators,并提供了对晶格Hamiltonian进行直接$k$-space工程的能力。这种构造解除了使方格几何结构更易于实现的晶格向量正交性约束,而将复杂性转移到了对复杂Floquet驱动信号的工程上。我们模拟了Haldane和brick-wall Haldane模型的拓扑特征,观察到它们在外部光驱动和光子损耗存在时具有鲁棒性,并讨论了当这些模型在这些Floquet晶格上实现时其拓扑输运的独特性质。我们的提案展示了driven-dissipative Floquet合成维度作为高维晶格几何结构$k$-space Hamiltonian模拟的新架构的潜力。

英文摘要:

Topological effects manifest in a variety of lattice geometries. While square lattices, due to their simplicity, have been used for models supporting nontrivial topology, several exotic topological phenomena such as Dirac points, Weyl points and Haldane phases are most commonly supported by non-square lattices. Examples of prototypical non-square lattices include the honeycomb lattice of graphene and the Kagome lattice, both of which break fundamental symmetries and can exhibit quantized transport, especially when long-range hoppings and gauge fields are incorporated. The challenge of controllably realizing long-range hoppings and gauge fields has motivated a large body of research focused on harnessing lattices encoded in "synthetic" dimensions. Photons in particular have many internal degrees of freedom and hence show promise for implementing these synthetic dimensions; however, most photonic synthetic dimensions has hitherto created 1D or 2D square lattices. Here we show that non-square lattice Hamiltonians can be implemented using Floquet synthetic dimensions. Our construction uses dynamically modulated ring resonators and provides the capacity for direct $k$-space engineering of lattice Hamiltonians. Such a construction lifts constraints on the orthogonality of lattice vectors that make square geometries simpler to implement, and instead transfers the complexity to the engineering of complex Floquet drive signals. We simulate topological signatures of the Haldane and the brick-wall Haldane model and observe them to be robust in the presence of external optical drive and photon loss, and discuss unique characteristics of their topological transport when implemented on these Floquet lattices. Our proposal demonstrates the potential of driven-dissipative Floquet synthetic dimensions as a new architecture for $k$-space Hamiltonian simulation of high-dimensional lattice geometries.

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