arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2410.09486cs.LGcs.RO
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ActSafe:面向强化学习的带安全约束主动探索

ActSafe: Active Exploration with Safety Constraints for Reinforcement Learning

UC Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校)

Yarden As, Bhavya Sukhija, Lenart Treven, Carmelo Sferrazza, Stelian Coros, Andreas Krause

AI总结:

针对强化学习智能体探索过程存在安全风险、难以落地真实场景的问题,提出基于模型的ActSafe算法,通过认知不确定性乐观规划与安全约束悲观执行兼顾安全与效率,在标准基准上取得最优性能。

摘要:

强化学习(RL)在现代AI系统的开发中应用十分广泛。然而,当前最先进的RL智能体需要与环境进行大量且可能存在安全风险的交互才能有效学习。这些限制将RL智能体局限在模拟环境中,阻碍了其在真实场景中直接学习的能力。在本研究中,我们提出了ActSafe,这是一种新型基于模型的RL算法,可实现安全高效的探索。ActSafe学习一个校准良好的系统概率模型,针对未知动力学的认知不确定性进行乐观规划,同时针对安全约束执行悲观策略。在对约束和动力学的正则性假设下,我们证明ActSafe可在学习过程中保障安全性,同时能在有限时间内得到接近最优的策略。此外,我们提出了ActSafe的实用变体,该变体基于最新的基于模型RL研究进展,甚至可在视觉控制等高维场景中实现安全探索。我们通过实验证明,ActSafe在标准安全深度RL基准的高难度探索任务上取得了当前最优性能,同时可保障学习过程中的安全性。

英文摘要:

Reinforcement learning (RL) is ubiquitous in the development of modern AI systems. However, state-of-the-art RL agents require extensive, and potentially unsafe, interactions with their environments to learn effectively. These limitations confine RL agents to simulated environments, hindering their ability to learn directly in real-world settings. In this work, we present ActSafe, a novel model-based RL algorithm for safe and efficient exploration. ActSafe learns a well-calibrated probabilistic model of the system and plans optimistically w.r.t. the epistemic uncertainty about the unknown dynamics, while enforcing pessimism w.r.t. the safety constraints. Under regularity assumptions on the constraints and dynamics, we show that ActSafe guarantees safety during learning while also obtaining a near-optimal policy in finite time. In addition, we propose a practical variant of ActSafe that builds on latest model-based RL advancements and enables safe exploration even in high-dimensional settings such as visual control. We empirically show that ActSafe obtains state-of-the-art performance in difficult exploration tasks on standard safe deep RL benchmarks while ensuring safety during learning.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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