基于智能体的建模，真实再现人类流动与接触行为，以评估流行病传染病传播中的检测与隔离策略
Agent-based modeling for realistic reproduction of human mobility and contact behavior to evaluate test and isolation strategies in epidemic infectious disease spread
AI总结：
本文提出一个高度模块化的智能体模型，模拟呼吸道疾病传播，并利用德国布伦瑞克真实流动数据评估检测与隔离策略，发现症状无关检测影响有限，隔离时长比效率更关键。
摘要：
智能体模型已被证明是在不同应用领域中支持决策过程的有用工具。现代计算机和超级计算机的出现使得这些自下而上的方法能够真实地模拟人类流动和接触行为。COVID-19大流行展示了对于能够回答传播动力学研究问题的详细且信息丰富的模型的迫切需求。我们提出了一个复杂的智能体模型来模拟呼吸道疾病的传播。该模型高度模块化，可用于从少量建筑物到城市或国家的各种规模。尽管这不是本文的重点，但该模型已在单核上进行了性能工程优化，并为时间关键的决策过程提供了高效的模拟内和模拟间并行化。\n\n为了能够回答个体层面分辨率的研究问题，可以针对特定地点或智能体实施非药物干预策略，如佩戴口罩或关闭场所。特别是，我们允许实施复杂的检测和隔离策略，以研究微创传染病缓解的效果。利用德国布伦瑞克地区真实的人类流动模式，我们研究了2021年3月1日至5月30日期间SARS-CoV-2大流行中不同干预措施的效果。我们的分析表明，如果症状病例中的暗数很高，与症状无关的检测对缓解疾病动态的影响有限。此外，我们发现隔离时间比隔离效率更重要，但在症状控制充分的情况下，短期隔离也能产生显著效果。
英文摘要：
Agent-based models have proven to be useful tools in supporting decision-making processes in different application domains. The advent of modern computers and supercomputers has enabled these bottom-up approaches to realistically model human mobility and contact behavior. The COVID-19 pandemic showcased the urgent need for detailed and informative models that can answer research questions on transmission dynamics. We present a sophisticated agent-based model to simulate the spread of respiratory diseases. The model is highly modularized and can be used on various scales, from a small collection of buildings up to cities or countries. Although not being the focus of this paper, the model has undergone performance engineering on a single core and provides an efficient intra- and inter-simulation parallelization for time-critical decision-making processes. In order to allow answering research questions on individual level resolution, nonpharmaceutical intervention strategies such as face masks or venue closures can be implemented for particular locations or agents. In particular, we allow for sophisticated testing and isolation strategies to study the effects of minimal-invasive infectious disease mitigation. With realistic human mobility patterns for the region of Brunswick, Germany, we study the effects of different interventions between March 1st and May 30, 2021 in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Our analyses suggest that symptom-independent testing has limited impact on the mitigation of disease dynamics if the dark figure in symptomatic cases is high. Furthermore, we found that quarantine length is more important than quarantine efficiency but that, with sufficient symptomatic control, also short quarantines can have a substantial effect.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
