arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2410.04467astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
收藏

星系团中巨型射电源的形成

Formation of giant radio sources in galaxy clusters

Xiaodong Duan, Linhui Wu, Ruiyu Zhang, Jiawen Li

AI总结:

本文通过固定总能量的磁流体动力学模拟,揭示星系团中低功率、长寿命且环向磁场主导的喷流更易形成巨型射电源。

摘要:

近年来,观测到的巨型射电源(GRS)数量显著增加,但其形成机制仍不清楚。星系团内巨型射电星系的发现进一步加剧了持续的争论。我们利用磁流体动力学模拟来研究星系团环境中GRS的形成。为避免功率与总能量注入效应相混淆,我们保持喷流爆发的能量固定,并通过改变喷流的活动持续时间来研究功率的影响。此外,我们通过调整喷流中磁能、热能和动能成分的比例,考察这些成分的作用。我们还计算了射电辐射,以便在射电功率—线性尺寸图(P-D图)中与观测进行比较。最后,我们研究了不同喷流的能量传输过程。我们发现“较低功率—较大泡”效应:在总喷流能量固定时,较低功率的喷流倾向于产生更大的射电源。关于不同能量成分,由环向磁场能量主导的喷流比由动能和热能主导的喷流产生更大的射电源。相反,强极向磁场会阻碍射电瓣的生长。当向质量为10^14太阳质量的晕中注入2.06×10^59 erg能量时,只有功率约为爱丁顿光度10^-4至10^-3的喷流能够高效穿过P-D图中的观测区域。我们的结果表明,具有显著环向磁场、高能且持久(低功率)的连续喷流有助于星系团环境中GRS的形成。然而,尽管功率显著更低的喷流能够产生大得多的射电源,但其微弱性可能使其无法被观测到。

英文摘要:

The number of observed giant radio sources (GRSs) has increased significantly in recent years, yet their formation mechanisms remain elusive. The discovery of giant radio galaxies within galaxy clusters has further intensified the ongoing debates. We utilize magnetohydrodynamic simulations to investigate the formation of GRSs in cluster environments. To avoid confounding the effects of power and total energy injection, we hold the energy of jet outbursts fixed and study the effect of power by varying the active duration of the jets. Furthermore, we examine the roles of magnetic, thermal, and kinetic energy components by adjusting their fractions in the jets. Additionally, we calculate radio emission for comparison with observations in the radio power-linear size diagram (P-D diagram). Finally, we also study the energy transport processes of different jets. We find the "lower power-larger bubble" effect: lower-power jets tend to produce larger radio sources with fixed total jet energy. Regarding different energy components, jets dominated by toroidal magnetic field energy generate larger radio sources than kinetic and thermal energy-dominated jets. Conversely, strong poloidal magnetic fields hinder radio lobe growth. When injecting $2.06 \times 10^{59}$ erg into a $10^{14}$ solar mass halo, only jets with powers of approximately $10^{-4}$ to $10^{-3}$ Eddington luminosity efficiently traverse the observational region in the P-D diagram. Our findings suggest that energetic, long-lasting (low-power), continuous jets endowed with significant toroidal magnetic fields facilitate the formation of GRSs in cluster environments. However, although the jets with significantly lower power can generate substantially larger radio sources, their faintness may render them unobservable.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑