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arXiv 2410.03364cs.ITcs.LGmath.IT
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低复杂度统一纠错码Transformer

Unified Error Correction Code Transformer with Low Complexity

Yongli Yan, Jieao Zhu, Tianyue Zheng, Zhuo Xu, Chao Jiang, Linglong Dai

AI总结:

针对现有AI纠错码解码器计算复杂度高的问题,提出一种低复杂度统一Transformer解码器,通过标准化单元对齐、低秩统一注意力和稀疏掩码实现多码型解码,复杂度降86%且性能更优,为6G通信提供高效方案。

摘要:

信道编码对第六代(6G)数据的可靠传输至关重要,它针对不同应用场景采用多种纠错码。传统解码器需要为每种码配备专用硬件,导致硬件成本高昂。近年来,人工智能(AI)驱动的方法,例如纠错码Transformer(ECCT)及其增强版本基础纠错码Transformer(FECCT)被提出,这类方法利用Transformer解码多种码型以降低硬件成本。然而,Transformer中的自注意力机制带来了高达$\boldsymbol{\n\b\f\b\f{\n\b\f\b\f\b\f\b\f O}(N^2)$的计算复杂度(其中$N$表示序列长度),限制了可扩展性。为降低计算复杂度,我们提出了一种基于Transformer的统一解码器,可在单个框架内处理多种线性分组码。具体而言,我们采用标准化单元对齐不同码型的码长和码率,同时设计了一种计算复杂度为$\boldsymbol{\n\b\f\b\f{\n\b\f\b\f\b\f\b\f O}(N)$的低秩统一注意力模块,在Transformer的多个注意力头间共享。此外,我们引入了从校验矩阵稀疏性推导而来的稀疏掩码,增强解码器捕捉信息位与校验位之间固有约束的能力,提升解码精度的同时进一步将计算复杂度降低86%。大量实验结果表明,所提出的基于Transformer的统一解码器性能优于现有方法,为下一代无线通信系统提供了一种高性能、低复杂度的解决方案。

英文摘要:

Channel coding is vital for reliable sixth-generation (6G) data transmission, employing diverse error correction codes for various application scenarios. Traditional decoders require dedicated hardware for each code, leading to high hardware costs. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven approaches, such as the error correction code Transformer (ECCT) and its enhanced version, the foundation error correction code Transformer (FECCT), have been proposed to reduce the hardware cost by leveraging the Transformer to decode multiple codes. However, their excessively high computational complexity of $\mathcal{O}(N^2)$ due to the self-attention mechanism in the Transformer limits scalability, where $N$ represents the sequence length. To reduce computational complexity, we propose a unified Transformer-based decoder that handles multiple linear block codes within a single framework. Specifically, a standardized unit is employed to align code length and code rate across different code types, while a redesigned low-rank unified attention module, with computational complexity of $\mathcal{O}(N)$, is shared across various heads in the Transformer. Additionally, a sparse mask, derived from the parity-check matrix's sparsity, is introduced to enhance the decoder's ability to capture inherent constraints between information and parity-check bits, improving decoding accuracy and further reducing computational complexity by $86\%$. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed unified Transformer-based decoder outperforms existing methods and provides a high-performance, low-complexity solution for next-generation wireless communication systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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