arXiv 2410.020712024-10-02cs.SI

评估飓风海伦对佛罗里达各县的灾害韧性

Estimating Disaster Resilience of Hurricane Helene on Florida Counties

Reetwika Basu, Siddharth Chaudhary, Chinmay Deval, Alqamah Sayeed, Kelsey Herndon, Robert Griffin

AI总结：

本文构建灾害韧性指数，结合人口规模、人均收入和社会脆弱性指数评估佛罗里达州34个县应对飓风海伦的韧性，发现高收入低密度县韧性更强，为灾害管理提供快速评估工具。

摘要：

本文提出了一种快速评估佛罗里达州灾害韧性的方法，特别针对2024年的飓风海伦。这场四级风暴于2024年9月在佛罗里达州墨西哥湾沿岸登陆。利用本文构建的灾害韧性指数（DRI），评估了佛罗里达州各县社区的备灾能力和适应能力，并基于三个关键变量——人口规模、人均收入和社会脆弱性指数（SVI）——识别出最具韧性的地区。虽然社会脆弱性指数（SVI）涵盖了社会经济地位、家庭构成、少数族裔身份和住房条件等在决定社区灾害韧性方面至关重要的因素，但纳入县人口和人均收入可提供额外的洞见。一个县的总人口与受灾害影响的个体数量直接相关，而个人收入则反映了家庭的恢复能力。对该指数进行了空间分析，以比较易受飓风海伦预测路径影响的三十四个县的脆弱性和韧性水平。结果表明，收入较高且人口密度较低的县（如门罗县和科利尔县）表现出更强的韧性。相比之下，人口较多且社会脆弱性较高的地区面临更大的损害风险。本研究通过提供一种快速、全面且令人安心的社会经济影响评估，为灾害管理规划做出了贡献，并为前瞻性措施和资源分配提供了可操作的见解。

英文摘要：

This paper presents a rapid approach to assessing disaster resilience in Florida, particularly regarding Hurricane Helene (2024). This category four storm made landfall on Florida's Gulf Coast in September 2024. Using the Disaster Resilience Index (DRI) developed in this paper, the preparedness and adaptive capacities of communities across counties in Florida are evaluated, identifying the most resilient areas based on three key variables: population size, average per-person income, and the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). While the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) accounts for factors like socioeconomic status, household composition, minority status, and housing conditions-key elements in determining a community's resilience to disasters-incorporating a county's population and per person income provides additional insight. A county's total population is directly linked to the number of individuals impacted by a disaster, while personal income reflects a household's capacity to recover. Spatial analysis was performed on the index to compare the vulnerability and resilience levels across thirty-four counties vulnerable to Hurricane Helene's projected path. The results highlight that counties with high income and lower population densities, such as Monroe and Collier, exhibit greater resilience. In contrast, areas with larger populations and higher social vulnerabilities are at greater risk of damage. This study contributes to disaster management planning by providing a rapid yet comprehensive and reassuring socioeconomic impact assessment, offering actionable insights for anticipatory measures and resource allocation.

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