等体积分裂活性物质
Isovolumetric dividing active matter
AI总结:
本文提出并研究了一个等体积分裂活性物质的粒子模型,发现分裂驱动的集体运动具有自相似性,并通过归一化回溯轨迹将其映射为时间非齐次随机游走,揭示了拥挤异常和无堵塞等普适行为,为生物工程和生命物质研究提供新视角。
摘要:
我们引入并从理论上研究了一个基于粒子的最小模型,用于描述一类新的活性物质,其中粒子在受限空间中表现出定向的、体积守恒的分裂,同时进行空间位阻相互作用,模拟早期胚胎发生中的细胞。我们发现,在分裂周期内同步的复杂运动表现出强烈的集体效应,并在长时间极限下变得自相似。通过引入归一化回溯轨迹方法,我们表明由细胞分裂引起的跨代运动可以映射为一个具有指数递减长度尺度的时间非齐次随机游走。对这一随机过程的解析预测使我们能够提取有效参数,表明拥挤的异常效应以及不存在堵塞现象。我们的发现在去同步分裂、细胞尺寸分散性和受限条件变化下具有鲁棒性,暗示了普适行为。我们的结果建立了对等体积分裂在长时间尺度上表现出的复杂动力学的理解,为新的生物工程策略和对生命物质的认知铺平了道路。
英文摘要:
We introduce and theoretically investigate a minimal particle-based model for a new class of active matter where particles exhibit directional, volume-conserving division in confinement while interacting sterically, mimicking cells in early embryogenesis. We find that complex motion, synchronized within division cycles, displays strong collective effects and becomes self-similar in the long-time limit. Introducing the method of normalized retraced trajectories, we show that the transgenerational motion caused by cell division can be mapped to a time-inhomogenous random walk with an exponentially decreasing length scale. Analytical predictions for this stochastic process allow us to extract effective parameters, indicating unusual effects of crowding and absence of jamming. Robustness of our findings against desynchronized divisions, cell size dispersity, and variations in confinement hints at universal behavior. Our results establish an understanding of complex dynamics exhibited by isovolumentric division over long timescales, paving the way for new bioengineering strategies and perspectives on living matter.
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