对第四阶段星系巡天潜在可恢复红移信息的整体性探索
A holistic exploration of the potentially recoverable redshift information of Stage IV galaxy surveys
AI总结：
本文利用信息论度量方法，在不假设估计器和先验的情况下，系统评估了LSST、Roman、Euclid和CASTOR多巡天测光组合对星系红移信息恢复的影响，发现紫外数据对特定星系群体有益，并提出通用评估框架以指导未来巡天设计与系统误差缓解。
摘要：
第四阶段星系巡天的河外科学与宇宙学研究将几乎完全依赖仅由测光数据导出的红移测量，而这些测量受到系统误差和统计误差的影响，并涉及众多分析选择，例如估计器的选择和先验信息的设定，且不存在普适的解决方案。单一巡天的测光红移估计应当通过结合多个巡天的数据来改进，传统观点认为光学数据会受益于额外的红外覆盖，但不会受益于额外的紫外覆盖。然而，这两种情况下的改进程度尚未得到很好的刻画，任何试图量化改进的尝试都需要对所选估计器及其先验信息作出假设。我们应用一种基于信息论的潜在可恢复红移信息度量，在不假设估计器或先验的情况下，评估多巡天测光组合的影响，具体涉及的巡天包括光学波段的Vera C. Rubin天文台时空遗产巡天（LSST）、红外波段的Roman和Euclid巡天，以及紫外波段的光学-紫外研究用宇宙学先进巡天望远镜（CASTOR）。我们得出结论：增加紫外测光数据可以有利于某些星系群体的红移测定，但这种收益会因其在更长波长上满足探测标准的概率降低而受到削弱。我们探索了那些潜在可恢复红移信息受额外测光数据影响最大的星系的光谱能量分布（SEDs），为未来评估哪些科学目标可能推动哪些巡天组合提供基础。我们在此开发的全整体性评估方法是通用的，可用于量化组合测光数据集的影响、改变实验设计选择（包括观测策略优化）以及评估系统误差缓解程序的效果。
英文摘要：
Extragalactic science and cosmology with Stage IV galaxy surveys will rely almost exclusively on redshift measurements derived solely from photometry, which are subject to systematic and statistical uncertainties with numerous analysis choices, such as that of an estimator and prior information and no universal solution. Single-survey photometric redshift estimates ought to be improved by combining data from multiple surveys, with common wisdom asserting that optical data benefits from additional infrared coverage but not from additional ultraviolet coverage. The degree of improvement for either case is not well-characterized and attempts to quantify it necessitate assumptions of a chosen estimator and its prior information. We apply an information theoretic metric of potentially recoverable redshift information to assess the impact of multi-survey photometry combinations without assuming an estimator nor priors in the context of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) in the optical, Roman and Euclid Surveys in the infrared, and Cosmological Advanced Survey Telescope for Optical-UV Research (CASTOR) in the ultraviolet. We conclude that the addition of UV photometry can benefit redshift determination of certain galaxy populations, but that gain is tempered by their decreased chance of meeting detection criteria at higher wavelengths. We explore the spectral energy distribution (SEDs) of galaxies whose potentially recoverable redshift information is most impacted by additional photometry to provide a basis for future evaluation of which science cases may motivate which combinations. The holistic assessment approach we develop here is generic and may be applied to quantify the impact of combining photometric datasets, changing experimental design choices, including observing strategy optimization, and evaluating systematics mitigation procedures.
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