相变边缘的类希格斯刚度与分形子
Higgs-like stiffness and fractons on the verge of phase transitions
AI总结：
本文类比希格斯模式提出类希格斯刚度概念，通过朗道自由能证明其可由任意复物理量探测，并用Fabre盐介电实验佐证，同时讨论分子转动锁定导致的分形子。
摘要：
在凝聚态物理中，大质量纵向希格斯模式源于序参量的涨落。几年前，希格斯模式在绝缘体-超导体量子相变附近被实验“捕捉”到 [Nat. Phys. 11, 188 (2015)]。在此，我们类比希格斯模式，提出类希格斯刚度（HLS）的概念，它作为物质的普适表现出现在经典和量子相变附近。我们为介电响应函数建立朗道自由能，以证明任何复物理量都可用来推断HLS的存在。我们的分析得到了 (TMTTF)2SbF6 Fabre盐准静态介电常数实验结果的佐证。此外，我们还讨论了与特定分子转动自由度锁定相关的分形子的出现。
英文摘要：
In condensed matter Physics, massive longitudinal Higgs modes emerge from fluctuations of the order parameter. A few years ago, the Higgs mode was \emph{caught} experimentally in the vicinity of an insulator-to-superconductor quantum phase transition [Nat. Phys. $\textbf{11}$, 188 (2015)]. Here, we propose, in analogy to the Higgs mode, the concept of Higgs-like stiffness (HLS), which emerges close to both classical and quantum phase transitions as a universal manifestation of matter. We build up a Landau free energy for the dielectric response function to demonstrate that \emph{any} complex physical quantity can be used to infer the presence of the HLS. Our analysis is corroborated by experimental results of the quasi-static dielectric constant for the (TMTTF)$_2$SbF$_6$ Fabre salt. Yet, we discuss the appearance of fractons in connection with the locking of particular molecular rotational degrees of freedom.
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