使用正规基将 $\mathbb F_{2^n}$ 上的离散对数问题转化为 QUBO 问题
Transformation of the discrete logarithm problem over $\mathbb F_{2^n}$ to the QUBO problem using normal bases
AI总结:
本文首次将二元域上的离散对数问题(DLP)多项式转化为QUBO问题,使用约 $3n^2$ 个逻辑变量,并假设存在II型最优正规基,从而可通过量子退火求解。
摘要:
量子计算是现代密码学非常重要的分支。根据通用量子计算机和量子退火机中可用的工作物理量子比特数量,如今量子退火机能够解决更大规模的问题并非偶然。在本文中,我们重点关注使用量子退火来求解二元域上的离散对数问题(DLP)。值得注意的是,尽管此前已有研究考虑过使用量子退火求解素数域上的 DLP,但迄今为止,尚无作者考虑过使用量子退火求解二元域上的 DLP。因此,本文旨在填补这一空白。我们提出了一种多项式变换,将二元域上的离散对数问题转化为二次无约束二值优化(QUBO)问题,对于二元域 $\mathbb{F}_{2^n}$,大约使用 $3n^2$ 个逻辑变量。在我们的估计中,我们假设在给定域中存在 II 型最优正规基。这样的 QUBO 实例随后可以使用量子退火来求解。
英文摘要:
Quantum computations are very important branch of modern cryptology. According to the number of working physical qubits available in general-purpose quantum computers and in quantum annealers, there is no coincidence, that nowadays quantum annealers allow to solve larger problems. In this paper we focus on solving discrete logarithm problem (DLP) over binary fields using quantum annealing. It is worth to note, that however solving DLP over prime fields using quantum annealing has been considered before, no author, until now, has considered DLP over binary fields using quantum annealing. Therefore, in this paper, we aim to bridge this gap. We present a polynomial transformation of the discrete logarithm problem over binary fields to the Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problem, using approximately $3n^2$ logical variables for the binary field $\mathbb{F}_{2^n}$. In our estimations, we assume the existence of an optimal normal base of II type in the given fields. Such a QUBO instance can then be solved using quantum annealing.
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