非低温氘氚（DT）燃料的性质及其与聚变的相关性
Properties of non-cryogenic DTs and their relevance for fusion
AI总结：
本研究通过分析离子阻止本领，证明非低温DT化合物比已知更易点火，且重硼氢化铍优于重氢化铍，为高增益聚变靶设计提供新方案。
摘要：
在惯性约束聚变中，通常使用纯氘氚（DT）作为聚变燃料。在Guskov等人的论文中，他们转而提出使用含有DT且在室温下非低温的低碳化合物。他们提出，这些燃料（此处称为非低温DT）可以在$ρ_{DT} R \geq 0.35 \\, gcm^{-2}$和$kT_{e} \geq 14 \\, keV$的条件下点火，即这些参数比纯DT更严格，但仍处于同一数量级。在推导这些结果时，Guskov等人的作者假设离子温度和电子温度相等，并且仅考虑电子阻止本领。在此，我们表明在温度高于10 keV时，离子阻止本领与电子阻止本领相比不可忽略。我们证明这必然导致离子温度高于电子温度。与Guskov等人使用的模型相比，这两个因素都有利于点火，表明非低温DT化合物比以前所知的更具通用性。此外，我们发现重硼氢化铍比重氢化铍更容易点火，后者是Guskov等人发现的表现最佳的燃料。我们的结果基于一个包含详细阻止本领分析的分析模型，以及使用改进版社区流体代码MULTI-IFE进行的数值模拟。减轻低温技术的限制和成本，以及非低温DT燃料在室温下为固体的事实，为$Q>100$的聚变靶开辟了新的设计选择，从而有助于实现惯性聚变能成为经济可行的清洁能源这一更大目标。此外，这里提出的讨论推广了对能源生产燃料的分析。
英文摘要：
In inertial confinement fusion, pure deuterium-tritium (DT) is usually used as a fusion fuel. In their paper \cite{gus2011effect}, Guskov et al. instead propose using low-Z compounds that contain DT and are non-cryogenic at room temperature. They suggest that these fuels (here called non-cryogenic DTs) can be ignited for $ρ_{DT} R \geq 0.35 \, gcm^{-2}$ and $kT_{e} \geq 14 \, keV$, i.e., parameters which are more stringent but still in the same order of magnitude as those for DT. In deriving these results the authors in \cite{gus2011effect} assume that ionic and electronic temperatures are equal and consider only electronic stopping power. Here, we show that at temperatures greater than 10 keV, ionic stopping power is not negligible compared to the electronic one. We demonstrate that this necessarily leads to higher ionic than electronic temperatures. Both factors facilitate ignition compared to the model used in \cite{gus2011effect} showing that non-cryogenic DT compounds are more versatile than previously known. In addition, we find that heavy beryllium borohydride ignites more easily than heavy beryllium hydride, the best-performing fuel found by Guskov et al. Our results are based on an analytical model that incorporates a detailed stopping power analysis, as well as on numerical simulations using an improved version of the community hydro code MULTI-IFE. Alleviating the constraints and costs of cryogenic technology and the fact that non-cryogenic DT fuels are solids at room temperature open up new design options for fusion targets with $Q>100$ and thus contribute to the larger goal of making inertial fusion energy an economically viable source of clean energy. In addition, the discussion presented here generalizes the analysis of fuels for energy production.
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