通过伽马射线暴探究JWST发现的恒星形成超量的起源
Probing the Origin of the Star Formation Excess Discovered by JWST through Gamma-Ray Bursts
AI总结：
针对JWST发现的z≳10处明亮星系超量问题，提出以伽马射线暴为探针，结合爱因斯坦探针等任务的探测能力区分不同成因情景，并探讨“小红点”星系可能孕育暗伽马射线暴的猜想。
摘要：
詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜（JWST）近期的观测显示，红移z≳10处的明亮星系数量多于预期。尽管学界已提出多种可能性，但这一超量的起源仍存在争议。我们提出伽马射线暴（GRB）是探究该超量起源、进而研究早期宇宙恒星与星系形成历史的有力探针。聚焦于近期发射的爱因斯坦探针（EP）任务，我们发现，假设经z≲6处事件校准的GRB形成率可以外推，EP每年可探测到数起z≳10的GRB。有趣的是，根据不同的超量成因情景，GRB事件率在z≈10处也可能呈现超量，对其的探测将有助于区分原本难以辨别的不同情景。此外，我们讨论了JWST发现的令人困惑的红色致密星系——即所谓的“小红点”，如果它们是被尘埃遮蔽的恒星形成星系，可能会孕育暗GRB。我们期待对GRB开展无偏差的后续观测，并鼓励HiZ-GUNDAM等未来任务探索早期宇宙。
英文摘要：
The recent observations by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have revealed a larger number of bright galaxies at $z\gtrsim10$ than was expected. The origin of this excess is still under debate, although several possibilities have been presented. We propose that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are a powerful probe to explore the origin of the excess and, hence, the star and galaxy formation histories in the early universe. Focusing on the recently launched mission, Einstein Probe (EP), we find that EP can detect several GRBs annually at $z\gtrsim10$, assuming the GRB formation rate calibrated by events at $z\lesssim6$ can be extrapolated. Interestingly, depending on the excess scenarios, the GRB event rate may also show an excess at $z\simeq10$, and its detection will help to discriminate between the scenarios that are otherwise difficult to distinguish. Additionally, we discuss that the puzzling, red-color, compact galaxies discovered by JWST, the so-called ``little red dots'', could host dark GRBs if they are dust-obscured star forming galaxies. We are eager for unbiased follow-up of GRBs and encourage future missions such as HiZ-GUNDAM to explore the early universe.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
