基于X射线汤姆逊散射测量的无模型瑞利权重
Model-free Rayleigh weight from x-ray Thomson scattering measurements
AI总结：
本文提出一种无需模型计算或模拟、直接从XRTS实验数据提取瑞利权重的方法，并以NIF强压缩Be测量验证，可为等离子体诊断、化学模型约束及理论模拟提供严格基准。
摘要：
X射线汤姆逊散射（XRTS）已成为诊断极端条件下物质的一种强大工具。原则上，它使人能够获得温度、密度和电离态等重要系统参数，但对所测XRTS强度的解释通常依赖于理论模型和近似。在本工作中，我们表明可以直接从实验数据中提取瑞利权重——这一描述离子周围电子局域化的关键属性——而无需任何模型计算或模拟。作为实际应用，我们考虑了在国家点火装置（NIF）上对强压缩铍（Be）的一项实验测量〔Döppner等人，《Nature》618，270–275（2023）〕。除了其本身具有意义之外，我们的结果还将为基于ab initio模拟的诊断开辟新途径，有助于进一步约束现有化学模型，并构成理论与模拟的严格基准。
英文摘要：
X-ray Thomson scattering (XRTS) has emerged as a powerful tool for the diagnostics of matter under extreme conditions. In principle, it gives one access to important system parameters such as the temperature, density, and ionization state, but the interpretation of the measured XRTS intensity usually relies on theoretical models and approximations. In this work, we show that it is possible to extract the Rayleigh weight -- a key property that describes the electronic localization around the ions -- directly from the experimental data without the need for any model calculations or simulations. As a practical application, we consider an experimental measurement of strongly compressed Be at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [Döppner \emph{et al.}, \textit{Nature} \textbf{618}, 270-275 (2023)]. In addition to being interesting in their own right, our results will open up new avenues for diagnostics from \emph{ab initio} simulations, help to further constrain existing chemical models, and constitute a rigorous benchmark for theory and simulations.
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