Improving Text-guided Object Inpainting with Semantic Pre-inpainting
School of Computer Science, Fudan University（复旦大学计算机科学学院）；HiDream.ai Inc.（HiDream.ai公司）；Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Visual Computing（上海智能视觉计算协同创新中心）
Yifu Chen, Jingwen Chen, Yingwei Pan, Yehao Li, Ting Yao, Zhineng Chen, Tao Mei
Recent years have witnessed the success of large text-to-image diffusion models and their remarkable potential to generate high-quality images. The further pursuit of enhancing the editability of images has sparked significant interest in the downstream task of inpainting a novel object described by a text prompt within a designated region in the image. Nevertheless, the problem is not trivial from two aspects: 1) Solely relying on one single U-Net to align text prompt and visual object across all the denoising timesteps is insufficient to generate desired objects; 2) The controllability of object generation is not guaranteed in the intricate sampling space of diffusion model. In this paper, we propose to decompose the typical single-stage object inpainting into two cascaded processes: 1) semantic pre-inpainting that infers the semantic features of desired objects in a multi-modal feature space; 2) high-fieldity object generation in diffusion latent space that pivots on such inpainted semantic features. To achieve this, we cascade a Transformer-based semantic inpainter and an object inpainting diffusion model, leading to a novel CAscaded Transformer-Diffusion (CAT-Diffusion) framework for text-guided object inpainting. Technically, the semantic inpainter is trained to predict the semantic features of the target object conditioning on unmasked context and text prompt. The outputs of the semantic inpainter then act as the informative visual prompts to guide high-fieldity object generation through a reference adapter layer, leading to controllable object inpainting. Extensive evaluations on OpenImages-V6 and MSCOCO validate the superiority of CAT-Diffusion against the state-of-the-art methods. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/Nnn-s/CATdiffusion}.
Previous works on image inpainting mainly focus on inpainting background or partially missing objects, while the problem of inpainting an entire missing object remains unexplored. This work studies a new image inpainting task, i.e. shape-guided object inpainting. Given an incomplete input image, the goal is to fill in the hole by generating an object based on the context and implicit guidance given by the hole shape. Since previous methods for image inpainting are mainly designed for background inpainting, they are not suitable for this task. Therefore, we propose a new data preparation method…
Dalian University of Technology（大连理工大学）；Adobe Research（Adobe研究院）
Existing image inpainting methods often produce artifacts when dealing with large holes in real applications. To address this challenge, we propose an iterative inpainting method with a feedback mechanism. Specifically, we introduce a deep generative model which not only outputs an inpainting result but also a corresponding confidence map. Using this map as feedback, it progressively fills the hole by trusting only high-confidence pixels inside the hole at each iteration and focuses on the remaining pixels in the next iteration. As it reuses partial predictions from the previous iterations as …
Image inpainting is a technique of completing missing pixels such as occluded region restoration, distracting objects removal, and facial completion. Among these inpainting tasks, facial completion algorithm performs face inpainting according to the user direction. Existing approaches require delicate and well controlled input by the user, thus it is difficult for an average user to provide the guidance sufficiently accurate for the algorithm to generate desired results. To overcome this limitation, we propose an alternative user-guided inpainting architecture that manipulates facial attribute…
University of Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学）；Adobe Research（Adobe研究院）
Recently, deep models have established SOTA performance for low-resolution image inpainting, but they lack fidelity at resolutions associated with modern cameras such as 4K or more, and for large holes. We contribute an inpainting benchmark dataset of photos at 4K and above representative of modern sensors. We demonstrate a novel framework that combines deep learning and traditional methods. We use an existing deep inpainting model LaMa to fill the hole plausibly, establish three guide images consisting of structure, segmentation, depth, and apply a multiply-guided PatchMatch to produce eight …
University of Texas at Austin（得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）；Adobe Research（Adobe研究院）
Deep generative models have shown success in automatically synthesizing missing image regions using surrounding context. However, users cannot directly decide what content to synthesize with such approaches. We propose an end-to-end network for image inpainting that uses a different image to guide the synthesis of new content to fill the hole. A key challenge addressed by our approach is synthesizing new content in regions where the guidance image and the context of the original image are inconsistent. We conduct four studies that demonstrate our results yield more realistic image inpainting r…
Most existing image inpainting algorithms are based on a single view, struggling with large holes or the holes containing complicated scenes. Some reference-guided algorithms fill the hole by referring to another viewpoint image and use 2D image alignment. Due to the camera imaging process, simple 2D transformation is difficult to achieve a satisfactory result. In this paper, we propose 3DFill, a simple and efficient method for reference-guided image inpainting. Given a target image with arbitrary hole regions and a reference image from another viewpoint, the 3DFill first aligns the two images…
Wuhan University（武汉大学）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；National Institute of Informatics（国立信息学研究所）
Existing learning-based image inpainting methods are still in challenge when facing complex semantic environments and diverse hole patterns. The prior information learned from the large scale training data is still insufficient for these situations. Reference images captured covering the same scenes share similar texture and structure priors with the corrupted images, which offers new prospects for the image inpainting tasks. Inspired by this, we first build a benchmark dataset containing 10K pairs of input and reference images for reference-guided inpainting. Then we adopt an encoder-decoder …
We present an end-to-end deep learning framework for indoor panoramic image inpainting. Although previous inpainting methods have shown impressive performance on natural perspective images, most fail to handle panoramic images, particularly indoor scenes, which usually contain complex structure and texture content. To achieve better inpainting quality, we propose to exploit both the global and local context of indoor panorama during the inpainting process. Specifically, we take the low-level layout edges estimated from the input panorama as a prior to guide the inpainting model for recovering …
Isfahan University of Technology（伊斯法罕理工大学）；McMaster University（麦克马斯特大学）
Image inpainting is an effective method to enhance distorted digital images. Different inpainting methods use the information of neighboring pixels to predict the value of missing pixels. Recently deep neural networks have been used to learn structural and semantic details of images for inpainting purposes. In this paper, we propose a network for image inpainting. This network, similar to U-Net, extracts various features from images, leading to better results. We improved the final results by replacing the damaged pixels with the recovered pixels of the output images. Our experimental results …
Faculty of Computing, Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学计算机学院）；Microsoft Research Asia（微软亚洲研究院）；Microsoft（微软）
Language guided image inpainting aims to fill in the defective regions of an image under the guidance of text while keeping non-defective regions unchanged. However, the encoding process of existing models suffers from either receptive spreading of defective regions or information loss of non-defective regions, giving rise to visually unappealing inpainting results. To address the above issues, this paper proposes NÜWA-LIP by incorporating defect-free VQGAN (DF-VQGAN) with multi-perspective sequence to sequence (MP-S2S). In particular, DF-VQGAN introduces relative estimation to control recepti…
Manchester Metropolitan University（曼彻斯特城市大学）；Image Metrics Ltd（Image Metrics 公司）
Facial image inpainting, with high-fidelity preservation for image realism, is a very challenging task. This is due to the subtle texture in key facial features (component) that are not easily transferable. Many image inpainting techniques have been proposed with outstanding capabilities and high quantitative performances recorded. However, with facial inpainting, the features are more conspicuous and the visual quality of the blended inpainted regions are more important qualitatively. Based on these facts, we design a foreground-guided facial inpainting framework that can extract and generate…
CoCoCo: Improving Text-Guided Video Inpainting for Better Consistency, Controllability and Compatibility
The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）；International Digital Economy Academy (IDEA)（国际数字经济学院）；The University of Hong Kong（香港大学）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）
Samsung AI Center（三星人工智能中心）；Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech)（斯科尔科沃科学技术学院（Skoltech））
We present a new deep learning approach to pose-guided resynthesis of human photographs. At the heart of the new approach is the estimation of the complete body surface texture based on a single photograph. Since the input photograph always observes only a part of the surface, we suggest a new inpainting method that completes the texture of the human body. Rather than working directly with colors of texture elements, the inpainting network estimates an appropriate source location in the input image for each element of the body surface. This correspondence field between the input image and the …
Recovering badly damaged face images is a useful yet challenging task, especially in extreme cases where the masked or damaged region is very large. One of the major challenges is the ability of the system to generalize on faces outside the training dataset. We propose to tackle this extreme inpainting task with a conditional Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) that utilizes structural information, such as edges, as a prior condition. Edge information can be obtained from the partially masked image and a structurally similar image or a hand drawing. In our proposed conditional GAN, we pass th…
Line Drawing Guided Progressive Inpainting of Mural Damage
United International College of Beijing Normal University - HongKong Baptist University（北京师范大学-香港浸会大学联合国际学院）；Wuhan University（武汉大学）；Cleveland State University（克利夫兰州立大学）；Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所）
Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学）；Peng Cheng Lab（鹏城实验室）；DAMO Academy at Alibaba Group（阿里巴巴达摩院）
For image inpainting, the convolutional neural networks (CNN) in previous methods often adopt standard convolutional operator, which treats valid pixels and holes indistinguishably. As a result, they are limited in handling irregular holes and tend to produce color-discrepant and blurry inpainting result. Partial convolution (PConv) copes with this issue by conducting masked convolution and feature re-normalization conditioned only on valid pixels, but the mask-updating is handcrafted and independent with image structural information. In this paper, we present an edge-guided learnable bidirect…
Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）；Adobe Research（奥多比研究院）；Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence（穆罕默德·本·扎耶德人工智能大学）
Generic image inpainting aims to complete a corrupted image by borrowing surrounding information, which barely generates novel content. By contrast, multi-modal inpainting provides more flexible and useful controls on the inpainted content, \eg, a text prompt can be used to describe an object with richer attributes, and a mask can be used to constrain the shape of the inpainted object rather than being only considered as a missing area. We propose a new diffusion-based model named SmartBrush for completing a missing region with an object using both text and shape-guidance. While previous work …
Image inpainting is the task of plausibly restoring missing pixels within a hole region that is to be removed from a target image. Most existing technologies exploit patch similarities within the image, or leverage large-scale training data to fill the hole using learned semantic and texture information. However, due to the ill-posed nature of the inpainting task, such methods struggle to complete larger holes containing complicated scenes. In this paper, we propose TransFill, a multi-homography transformed fusion method to fill the hole by referring to another source image that shares scene c…
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen（哈尔滨工业大学（深圳））；Peng Cheng Laboratory（鹏城实验室）
Image inpainting task requires filling the corrupted image with contents coherent with the context. This research field has achieved promising progress by using neural image inpainting methods. Nevertheless, there is still a critical challenge in guessing the missed content with only the context pixels. The goal of this paper is to fill the semantic information in corrupted images according to the provided descriptive text. Unique from existing text-guided image generation works, the inpainting models are required to compare the semantic content of the given text and the remaining part of the …
National Institute of Informatics（国立信息学研究所）；Wuhan University（武汉大学）；National Tsing Hua University（国立清华大学）
Existing inpainting methods have achieved promising performance in recovering defected images of specific scenes. However, filling holes involving multiple semantic categories remains challenging due to the obscure semantic boundaries and the mixture of different semantic textures. In this paper, we introduce coherence priors between the semantics and textures which make it possible to concentrate on completing separate textures in a semantic-wise manner. Specifically, we adopt a multi-scale joint optimization framework to first model the coherence priors and then accordingly interleavingly op…
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur（印度理工学院卡拉格普尔分校）
Contemporary benchmark methods for image inpainting are based on deep generative models and specifically leverage adversarial loss for yielding realistic reconstructions. However, these models cannot be directly applied on image/video sequences because of an intrinsic drawback- the reconstructions might be independently realistic, but, when visualized as a sequence, often lacks fidelity to the original uncorrupted sequence. The fundamental reason is that these methods try to find the best matching latent space representation near to natural image manifold without any explicit distance based lo…
SAGI: Semantically Aligned and Uncertainty Guided AI Image Inpainting
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki（阿尔伯塔大学电气与计算机工程系）；Information Technologies Institute, CERTH（信息科技研究所）
Tianjin University（天津大学）；Wuhan University（武汉大学）；Tencent AI Lab（腾讯人工智能实验室）；Stony Brook University（石溪大学）
It is challenging to inpaint face images in the wild, due to the large variation of appearance, such as different poses, expressions and occlusions. A good inpainting algorithm should guarantee the realism of output, including the topological structure among eyes, nose and mouth, as well as the attribute consistency on pose, gender, ethnicity, expression, etc. This paper studies an effective deep learning based strategy to deal with these issues, which comprises of a facial landmark predicting subnet and an image inpainting subnet. Concretely, given partial observation, the landmark predictor …
West Virginia University（西弗吉尼亚大学）；University at Buffalo, State University of New York（纽约州立大学布法罗分校）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）
Global Positioning Systems (GPS) have played a crucial role in various navigation applications. Nevertheless, localizing the perfect destination within the last few meters remains an important but unresolved problem. Limited by the GPS positioning accuracy, navigation systems always show users a vicinity of a destination, but not its exact location. Street view images (SVI) in maps as an immersive media technology have served as an aid to provide the physical environment for human last-meters wayfinding. However, due to the large diversity of geographic context and acquisition conditions, the …
We consider the case of inpainting single depth images. Without corresponding color images, previous or next frames, depth image inpainting is quite challenging. One natural solution is to regard the image as a matrix and adopt the low rank regularization just as inpainting color images. However, the low rank assumption does not make full use of the properties of depth images. A shallow observation may inspire us to penalize the non-zero gradients by sparse gradient regularization. However, statistics show that though most pixels have zero gradients, there is still a non-ignorable part of pixe…
MAGIC: Few-Shot Mask-Guided Anomaly Inpainting with Prompt Perturbation, Spatially Adaptive Guidance, and Context Awareness
Department of AI Semiconductor Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea（汉阳大学人工智能半导体工程系）；Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea（汉阳大学电子工程系）
Australian AI Institute（澳大利亚人工智能研究所）；University of Technology Sydney（悉尼科技大学）
Text-guided image inpainting (TGII) aims to restore missing regions based on a given text in a damaged image. Existing methods are based on a strong vision encoder and a cross-modal fusion model to integrate cross-modal features. However, these methods allocate most of the computation to visual encoding, while light computation on modeling modality interactions. Moreover, they take cross-modal fusion for depth features, which ignores a fine-grained alignment between text and image. Recently, vision-language pre-trained models (VLPM), encapsulating rich cross-modal alignment knowledge, have adv…
Harbin Institute of Technology at Shenzhen（哈尔滨工业大学（深圳））；The Chinese University of Hong Kong at Shenzhen（香港中文大学（深圳））
Most existing methods for image inpainting focus on learning the intra-image priors from the known regions of the current input image to infer the content of the corrupted regions in the same image. While such methods perform well on images with small corrupted regions, it is challenging for these methods to deal with images with large corrupted area due to two potential limitations: 1) such methods tend to overfit each single training pair of images relying solely on the intra-image prior knowledge learned from the limited known area; 2) the inter-image prior knowledge about the general distr…
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur（印度理工学院卡拉格普尔分校）
Contemporary deep learning based inpainting algorithms are mainly based on a hybrid dual stage training policy of supervised reconstruction loss followed by an unsupervised adversarial critic loss. However, there is a dearth of literature for a fully unsupervised GAN based inpainting framework. The primary aversion towards the latter genre is due to its prohibitively slow iterative optimization requirement during inference to find a matching noise prior for a masked image. In this paper, we show that priors matter in GAN: we learn a data driven parametric network to predict a matching prior fo…
WarpGAN: Warping-Guided 3D GAN Inversion with Style-Based Novel View Inpainting
Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Efficient Computing, Ministry of Education of China, Xiamen University, P.R. China（中国教育部多媒体可信感知与高效计算重点实验室，厦门大学）；Department of Statistical Science, University College London, UK（伦敦大学学院统计学系）
