能否在未来的超级陶粲装置上通过单$\pi^0$ 搜寻来探测微电荷？
Can millicharge be probed at future Super Tau Charm Facility via mono-$π^0$ searches?
AI总结：
本研究提出在未来超级陶粲装置上通过单$\pi^0$ 信号搜寻微电荷粒子的新通道，计算了信号与标准模型本底事例，推导了不同能量下的微电荷上限，指出该方法在低质量区有一定提升，可作为不可见粒子研究的补充。
摘要：
我们提出了一种在未来的超级陶粲装置（Super Tau Charm Facility, STCF）上通过单$\pi^0$ 信号搜寻微电荷粒子的新通道。我们首次计算了未来STCF上由微电荷粒子产生以及标准模型不可约/可约本底带来的单$\pi^0$ 信号事例数。利用假设的每个运行能量（质心系能量$\sqrt{s}=2$ GeV、4 GeV和7 GeV）下20 ab$^{-1}$ 的积分亮度，我们分别推导出了微电荷的相应上限。通过在$\sqrt{s}=2$ GeV的未来STCF上开展单$\pi^0$ 搜寻，当微电荷粒子质量小于约500 MeV时，微电荷上限相比ArgoNeuT实验可得到提升，但与过去BEBC实验的最新推导结果以及新的SENSEI实验相比，竞争力不强。尽管如此，单$\pi^0$ 搜寻仍可作为研究暗物质等不可见粒子的重要补充。
英文摘要：
We propose a new channel to search for millicharged particles at the future Super Tau Charm Facility (STCF) via mono-$π^0$ signature. For the first time, we compute the mono-$π^0$ signal events at the future STCF due to millicharged particle production, as well as due to standard model irreducible/reducible backgrounds. By utilizing the assumed 20 ab$^{-1}$ luminosity for each running energy with $\sqrt{s}= 2$ GeV, 4 GeV and 7 GeV, we derive the corresponding upper limits on millicharge, respectively. Via mono-$π^0$ searches at the future STCF with $\sqrt{s}=2$ GeV, the upper limits on millicharge can be improved than ArgoNeuT when the mass of millicharged particle is less than about 500 MeV, but are not very competitive compared to a latest derivation from a past BEBC experiment and a new SENSEI experiment. Regardless, the mono-$π^0$ searches could be an important complement to investigate the invisible particles, such as dark matter.
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