在量子计算机上演示Scully-Drühl型量子擦除器
Demonstration of Scully-Drühl-type quantum erasers on quantum computers
AI总结：
提出新型量子电路真正实现Scully-Drühl型延迟选择量子擦除器，在IBM Quantum和IonQ处理器上验证了干涉图样恢复，消除了逆因果性哲学漏洞并实现微秒级延迟擦除。
摘要：
我们提出了一种新型量子电路，真正实现了Scully-Drühl型延迟选择量子擦除器，其中路径信息的两个记录器直接与信号量子比特相互作用，并保持空间分离。在IBM Quantum和IonQ处理器上进行的实验表明，尽管存在系统误差，干涉图样的恢复在不同程度上与理论预测高度一致。这种基于量子电路的方法比传统光学实验更易于管理且更通用，便于对擦除进行任意调整，并能够以真正的延迟选择方式实现真正的随机选择。在IBM Quantum平台上，可以利用延迟门进一步推迟随机选择，从而放大逆因果效应。由于门操作在时间上是顺序执行的，系统在信号量子比特被测量之前不涉及任何随机选择，因此消除了其他实验装置中可能存在的关于逆因果性的任何潜在哲学漏洞。值得注意的是，量子擦除在高达约1微秒的延迟时间下实现，且没有明显的退相干，这一壮举在光学装置中难以复制。
英文摘要：
We present a novel quantum circuit that genuinely implements the Scully-Drühl-type delayed-choice quantum eraser, where the two recorders of the which-way information directly interact with the signal qubit and remain spatially separated. Experiments conducted on IBM Quantum and IonQ processors demonstrate that the recovery of interference patterns, to varying degrees, aligns closely with theoretical predictions, despite the presence of systematic errors. This quantum circuit-based approach, more manageable and versatile than traditional optical experiments, facilitates arbitrary adjustment of the erasure and enables a true random choice in a genuine delayed-choice manner. On the IBM Quantum platform, delay gates can be employed to further defer the random choice, thereby amplifying the retrocausal effect. Since gate operations are executed sequentially in time, the system does not have any involvement of random choice until after the signal qubit has been measured, therefore eliminating any potential philosophical loopholes regarding retrocausality that might exist in other experimental setups. Remarkably, quantum erasure is achieved with delay times up to $\sim1\,μ\text{s}$ without noticeable decoherence, a feat challenging to replicate in optical setups.
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