反向旋转转子的流体动力自旋配对与活性聚合
Hydrodynamic Spin-Pairing and Active Polymerization of Oppositely Spinning Rotors
AI总结：
针对异质转子群体集体动力学研究不足的问题，本文结合实验、模拟与解析方法，发现反向旋转转子可通过流体作用与位阻效应自组装为旋聚体活性链，揭示了非平衡聚合机制，为自组装超材料设计提供新思路。
摘要：
转子在自然界中十分常见，从旋转的膜蛋白到超流体涡旋均属此类。但目前人们对异质转子群体的集体动力学行为仍知之甚少。本文通过实验、数值模拟与解析方法证明，在小而有限的惯性条件下，由反向旋转转子组成的混合群体可自发自组装为活性链，我们将其命名为gyromers（旋聚体）。这类旋聚体仅通过流体运动与空间位阻相互作用即可形成并保持稳定。对成对相互作用的详细分析表明，自旋方向相同的转子会相互排斥并绕彼此轨道运动，而反向转子则会发生自旋配对，以结合二聚体的形式共同运动。转子二聚体可与单个转子、其他二聚体以及边界发生相互作用，进而形成链状结构。一个极简模型在数值模拟中预测了旋聚体的形成过程，以及它们后续可能折叠为晶格、环形等二级结构的行为。这种本质上属于非平衡态的聚合过程，为人工蛋白等自组装超材料的工程设计提供了新的可能。
英文摘要：
Rotors are common in nature - from rotating membrane-proteins to superfluid-vortices. Yet, little is known about the collective dynamics of heterogeneous populations of rotors. Here, we show experimentally, numerically, and analytically that at small but finite inertia, a mixed population of oppositely spinning rotors spontaneously self-assembles into active chains, which we term gyromers. The gyromers are formed and stabilized by fluid motion and steric interactions alone. A detailed analysis of pair interaction shows that rotors with the same spin repel and orbit each other while opposite rotors spin-pair and propagate together as bound dimers. Rotor dimers interact with individual rotors, each other, and the boundaries to form chains. A minimal model predicts the formation of gyromers in numerical simulations and their possible subsequent folding into secondary structures of lattices and rings. This inherently out-of-equilibrium polymerization process holds promise for engineering self-assembled metamaterials such as artificial proteins.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
