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arXiv 2409.07070quant-ph
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有限温度系统的量子多体模拟:通过采样量子虚时演化的级数展开

Quantum many-body simulation of finite-temperature systems with sampling a series expansion of a quantum imaginary-time evolution

Norifumi Matsumoto, Shoichiro Tsutsui, Yuya O. Nakagawa, Yuichiro Hidaka, Shota Kanasugi, Kazunori Maruyama, Hirotaka Oshima, Shintaro Sato

AI总结:

本文提出MCMC-SPU算法,通过采样简单量子电路和统计系综,在有限温度下高效计算热平衡期望值,适用于早期FTQC设备,并在横向场伊辛模型上验证。

摘要:

在有限温度下模拟热平衡性质对于研究量子多体系统至关重要。量子计算机有望使我们能够模拟有限温度下的大型系统,克服经典计算机面临的挑战,如量子蒙特卡洛技术的符号问题。适用于容错量子计算(FTQC)设备的传统方法旨在研究大规模量子多体系统,但需要大量辅助量子比特和包含许多基本门的深量子电路,使其不适合FTQC时代早期阶段,此时量子比特和量子门的可用性有限。在本文中,我们提出了一种适用于该早期阶段量子设备的方法,用于计算有限温度下可观测量的热平衡期望值。我们的提议名为马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛与采样酉对(MCMC-SPU)算法,涉及采样简单的量子电路并生成相应的统计系综。该方法解决了资源需求以及辅助量子比特上测量结果后选择相关的概率衰减问题。我们通过在一维横向场伊辛模型上的数值模拟验证了我们的提议,作为说明性示例。

英文摘要:

Simulating thermal-equilibrium properties at finite temperature is crucial for studying quantum many-body systems. Quantum computers are expected to enable us to simulate large systems at finite temperatures, overcoming challenges faced by classical computers, like the sign problem of the quantum Monte-Carlo technique. Conventional methods suitable for fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) devices are designed for studying large-scale quantum many-body systems but require a large number of ancilla qubits and a deep quantum circuit with many basic gates, making them unsuitable for the early stage of the FTQC era, at which the availability of qubits and quantum gates is limited. In this paper, we propose a method suitable for quantum devices in this early stage to calculate the thermal-equilibrium expectation value of an observable at finite temperatures. Our proposal, named the Markov-chain Monte Carlo with sampled pairs of unitaries (MCMC-SPU) algorithm, involves sampling simple quantum circuits and generating the corresponding statistical ensembles. This approach addresses the issues of resource demand and the decay in probability associated with postselection of measurement outcomes on ancilla qubits. We validate our proposal with numerical simulation on the one-dimensional transverse-field Ising model as an illustrative example.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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