鉴于叙事在从个人身份到国际政治的各个社会层面都具有深远影响，理解其随时间的分布与发展至关重要。这一点在网络空间中尤为重要。在 Web 上，叙事可能迅速传播，并加剧社会分裂与冲突。尽管已有许多定性方法，但量化叙事仍是一项重大挑战。计算叙事分析缺乏既全面又可泛化的框架。为弥补这一空白，我们提出一种基于结构主义语言学理论的数值化叙事表示。其中，Greimas 的行动元模型通过六个功能性角色构成的星座来表征叙事。这些所谓的行动元不依赖体裁，因此该模型具有很强的可泛化性。我们使用开源 LLM 提取行动元，并将其整合到 Narrative-Structured Text Embedding（叙事结构化文本嵌入）中，以同时捕捉文本的语义和叙事结构。我们以来自 Al Jazeera 和 The Washington Post 的 5000 篇关于以巴冲突的全文新闻文章为例，展示了该方法的分析洞见。我们的方法成功区分了报道相同主题但叙事结构不同的文章。
英文摘要：
Given the profound impact of narratives across various societal levels, from personal identities to international politics, it is crucial to understand their distribution and development over time. This is particularly important in online spaces. On the Web, narratives can spread rapidly and intensify societal divides and conflicts. While many qualitative approaches exist, quantifying narratives remains a significant challenge. Computational narrative analysis lacks frameworks that are both comprehensive and generalizable. To address this gap, we introduce a numerical narrative representation grounded in structuralist linguistic theory. Chiefly, Greimas' Actantial Model represents a narrative through a constellation of six functional character roles. These so-called actants are genre-agnostic, making the model highly generalizable. We extract the actants using an open-source LLM and integrate them into a Narrative-Structured Text Embedding that captures both the semantics and narrative structure of a text. We demonstrate the analytical insights of the method on the example of 5000 full-text news articles from Al Jazeera and The Washington Post on the Israel-Palestine conflict. Our method successfully distinguishes articles that cover the same topics but differ in narrative structure.
When Rating Scales Fall Short: LLM-Assisted Discovery of ADHD Signals in Turkish Teacher Narratives
Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Chicago（伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校计算机科学系）；Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gazi University（加齐大学儿童与青少年精神病学系）
GPT-4 Generated Narratives of Life Events using a Structured Narrative Prompt: A Validation Study
Virginia Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation Center（弗吉尼亚建模、分析与仿真中心）；Old Dominion University（奥多明尼昂大学）；College of Engineering, Montana State University（蒙大拿州立大学工程学院）
Explainable Fake News Detection With Large Language Model via Defense Among Competing Wisdom
School of Artificial Intelligence, Jilin University（吉林大学人工智能学院）；Hong Kong Baptist University（香港浸会大学）；Guangdong Institute of Smart Education, Jinan University（暨南大学广东智慧教育研究院）
Narrative Feature or Structured Feature? A Study of Large Language Models to Identify Cancer Patients at Risk of Heart Failure
Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida（健康结局与生物医学信息学系，佛罗里达大学医学院）；Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida（心血管医学部，医学院，佛罗里达大学）；Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida（血液学与肿瘤学部，医学院，佛罗里达大学）
University of Southern California Information Sciences Institute（南加州大学信息科学研究所）；School of Computer Science, Wuhan University（武汉大学计算机学院）；University of California, Davis（加州大学戴维斯分校）
Narrative Shift Detection: A Hybrid Approach of Dynamic Topic Models and Large Language Models
Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University（统计系，多特蒙德大学）；Institute of Journalism, TU Dortmund University（新闻学院，多特蒙德大学）；Faculty of Management and Economics, Ruhr University Bochum（管理与经济学院，波恩大学）
American Stories: A Large-Scale Structured Text Dataset of Historical U.S. Newspapers
Harvard University（哈佛大学）；Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）；National Bureau of Economic Research（美国国家经济研究局）；New York University（纽约大学）；Northwestern University（西北大学）
Metareasoning constraints couple narratives, affect and cognition
Applied Computational Psychiatry Lab（应用计算精神病学实验室）；Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research（马克斯·普朗克UCL计算精神病学与衰老研究中心）；Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Mental Health（圣夸克广场神经病学与心理健康研究所）；Neuroscience Department（神经科学系）；Division of Psychiatry（精神病学系）
Retrieval-Augmented Multimodal Model for Fake News Detection
University of International Business and Economics（国际商务经济大学）；Peking University（北京大学）；University of Southern California（南加州大学）；Upstart Holdings, Inc.（Upstart Holdings公司）
Conflicts, Villains, Resolutions: Towards models of Narrative Media Framing
The University of Melbourne（墨尔本大学）；The Hong Kong Polytechnic University（香港理工大学）；CSIRO Data61（澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织Data61）；The Australian National University（澳大利亚国立大学）
