借助苏格拉底式聊天机器人增强教育中的批判性思维
Enhancing Critical Thinking in Education by means of a Socratic Chatbot
AI总结：
本文提出基于 Llama2 7B/13B 并经专门数据微调的苏格拉底式教育聊天机器人，以结构化提问促进反思，实验证明其比标准聊天机器人更能提升批判性思维。
摘要：
尽管大型语言模型（LLM）正通过提供即时、自适应的回答，在教育中发挥日益关键的作用，但其促进批判性思维的潜力仍未得到充分研究。本文填补了这一空白，提出了一种创新的教育聊天机器人，旨在通过苏格拉底式提问培养批判性思维。不同于往往直接给出答案的传统智能辅导系统（包括教育聊天机器人），所提出的苏格拉底式辅导者通过提出结构化、发人深省的问题，鼓励学生探索多种视角并进行自我反思。我们的苏格拉底式提问通过使用专门数据集对开源预训练 LLM 进行微调和提示调优实现，该数据集可激发批判性思维并提供多元观点。为普及使用并保护学生隐私，所提出的辅导者基于能够在现成硬件上本地运行的小型 LLM（Llama2 7B 和 13B 参数模型）。我们通过一系列由模拟学生与聊天机器人交互组成的实验验证了该方法，以评估其增强批判性思维技能的有效性。结果表明，苏格拉底式辅导者在支持反思和批判性思维发展方面显著优于标准聊天机器人。我们的方法为通过培养主动学习和鼓励智识自主来改善教育成果打开了大门。
英文摘要：
While large language models (LLMs) are increasingly playing a pivotal role in education by providing instantaneous, adaptive responses, their potential to promote critical thinking remains understudied. In this paper, we fill such a gap and present an innovative educational chatbot designed to foster critical thinking through Socratic questioning. Unlike traditional intelligent tutoring systems, including educational chatbots, that tend to offer direct answers, the proposed Socratic tutor encourages students to explore various perspectives and engage in self-reflection by posing structured, thought-provoking questions. Our Socratic questioning is implemented by fine and prompt-tuning the open-source pretrained LLM with a specialized dataset that stimulates critical thinking and offers multiple viewpoints. In an effort to democratize access and to protect the students' privacy, the proposed tutor is based on small LLMs (Llama2 7B and 13B-parameter models) that are able to run locally on off-the-shelf hardware. We validate our approach in a battery of experiments consisting of interactions between a simulated student and the chatbot to evaluate its effectiveness in enhancing critical thinking skills. Results indicate that the Socratic tutor supports the development of reflection and critical thinking significantly better than standard chatbots. Our approach opens the door for improving educational outcomes by cultivating active learning and encouraging intellectual autonomy.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
