我们是如何失去互联网的
How We Lost The Internet
AI总结：
本文反思互联网无状态点对点数据报模型难以支撑大规模异步点对多点应用，指出私有 CDN 与云覆盖层偏离开放联网初衷，并主张重构该基础服务模型。
摘要：
在本文中，我们重新审视了一个支撑互联网架构发展的假设，即无状态、松散同步的点对点数据报交付服务足以满足所有网络应用的需求，包括那些在全球范围内向大众受众交付内容和服务的应用。此类应用本质上具有异步和点对多点的特性。我们解释了基于这种无状态数据报服务的分布式系统为何无法在公共网络（即普遍共享且可用的网络）中为这些应用提供充分且可负担的支持，从而导致了私有覆盖层基础设施的发展，具体而言即内容分发网络（CDN）和分布式云数据中心。我们认为，依赖这些私有覆盖层所带来的负担，可能阻碍了早期互联网倡导者实现开放数据联网目标。这些初始目标与超大规模覆盖层运营商剥削性商业指令之间的矛盾，被认为是其最盈利应用（例如社交媒体）和货币化策略（例如定向广告）产生负面影响的一个可能的重要原因。我们提出，解决这一矛盾的一个重要步骤，可能是重新审视互联网无状态数据报服务模型是否充分。
英文摘要：
In this paper we reexamine an assumption that underpinned the development of the Internet architecture, namely that a stateless and loosely synchronous point-to-point datagram delivery service would be sufficient to meet the needs of all network applications, including those which deliver content and services to a mass audience at global scale. Such applications are inherently asynchronous and point-to-multipoint in nature. We explain how the inability of distributed systems based on this stateless datagram service to provide adequate and affordable support for them within the public (I.e., universally shared and available) network led to the development of private overlay infrastructures, specifically Content Delivery Networks and distributed Cloud data centers. We argue that the burdens imposed by reliance on these private overlays may have been an obstacle to achieving the Open Data Networking goals of early Internet advocates. The contradiction between those initial goals and the exploitative commercial imperatives of hypergiant overlay operators is offered as a possibly important reason for the negative impact of their most profitable applications (e.g., social media) and monetization strategies (e.g., targeted advertisement). We propose that one important step in resolving this contradiction may be to reconsider the adequacy Internet's stateless datagram service model.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
