第二级预热
The Second-Level Preheating
AI总结：
本文针对与引力非最小耦合的暴胀子提出了二次型与四次型两级预热机制，研究了高维度算符的行为，并引入特征动量抑制粒子产生，探讨了其对原初黑洞丰度及再加热温度的影响。
摘要：
本文针对与引力非最小耦合的暴胀子提出了两个层级的预热。第一层级，后来被称为二次型区间，对应于物质主导期，负责消耗暴胀子的能量密度。第二层级，我们称之为四次型区间，对应于辐射主导期，负责宇宙的再加热。我们研究了二次型和四次型区间中不可重整化的高维度算符的行为。在二次型区间中，预热同样有效，尽管效率低于低维度算符。另一方面，四次型区间中的不可重整化高维度算符极其低效。在我们的工作中，我们还引入了一种由特征动量 $α$ 控制的简单机制，用于抑制预热期间的粒子产生。此外，我们强调了预热期间产生的粒子的小动量对原初黑洞丰度的重要意义。这一结果支持了二次型区间中预热的有效性。最后，我们评估了两种再加热温度模式，它们的区别在于二次型区间期间的预热效率。
英文摘要：
This paper proposes two levels of preheating for the inflaton that is non-minimally coupled with gravity. The first level, later named by the quadratic regime, corresponds to the matter-dominated era and is responsible for draining the inflaton's energy density. The second level, which we will call the quartic regime, corresponds to the radiation-dominated era and is responsible for the reheating of the universe. We investigate the behavior of non-renormalizable higher dimension operators in both the quadratic and quartic regimes. In the quadratic regime, the preheating is also efficient, even though it is less than the lower dimension. On the other hand, the non-renormalizable higher dimension operators in the quartic regime are extremely inefficient. In our work, we also introduce a simple mechanism controlled by the characteristic momentum $α$ to suppress the particle production during preheating. Additionally, we emphasized the significance of the small momentum of the particles produced during preheating for the abundance of primordial black holes. This result supports the efficient preheating in the quadratic regime. Finally, we evaluate two modes of the reheating temperature, which differ based on the preheating efficiency during the quadratic regime.
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