用于高空平台站（HAPS）以实现均匀容量供给的半球形天线阵列架构
Hemispherical Antenna Array Architecture for High-Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) for Uniform Capacity Provision
AI总结：
针对HAPS传统矩形与柱面阵列增益不均的问题，提出半球形天线阵列及天线选择、最优功率分配方法，实现全域均匀速率并达到14 Gbps和速率。
摘要：
本文提出了一种为高空平台站（HAPS）设计的新型半球形天线阵列（HAA）。传统矩形天线阵列用于HAPS时的一个显著局限是其天线单元朝向下方，导致对远距离用户的增益较低。为缓解这一缺陷，柱面天线阵列被引入；然而，其天线单元面向地平线，导致位于HAPS正下方用户的增益并不理想。为应对这些挑战，本研究引入了HAA。HAA的天线单元被策略性地分布在半球表面，以确保每个用户都与特定天线单元直接对准。为最大化用户的最小信干噪比（SINR），我们构建了一个优化问题。在执行模拟波束赋形后，我们提出了一种天线选择算法，并证明当为每个用户选择大量天线单元时，该方法可达到最优性。此外，我们采用二分法来确定每个用户的最优功率分配。仿真结果有力地表明，所提出的HAA优于传统阵列，并能在整个覆盖区域内提供均匀速率。在20 MHz通信带宽和50 dBm总功率条件下，所提方法达到了14 Gbps的和速率。
英文摘要：
In this paper, we present a novel hemispherical antenna array (HAA) designed for high-altitude platform stations (HAPS). A significant limitation of traditional rectangular antenna arrays for HAPS is that their antenna elements are oriented downward, resulting in low gains for distant users. Cylindrical antenna arrays were introduced to mitigate this drawback; however, their antenna elements face the horizon leading to suboptimal gains for users located beneath the HAPS. To address these challenges, in this study, we introduce our HAA. An HAA's antenna elements are strategically distributed across the surface of a hemisphere to ensure that each user is directly aligned with specific antenna elements. To maximize users minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), we formulate an optimization problem. After performing analog beamforming, we introduce an antenna selection algorithm and show that this method achieves optimality when a substantial number of antenna elements are selected for each user. Additionally, we employ the bisection method to determine the optimal power allocation for each user. Our simulation results convincingly demonstrate that the proposed HAA outperforms the conventional arrays, and provides uniform rates across the entire coverage area. With a $20~\mathrm{MHz}$ communication bandwidth, and a $50~\mathrm{dBm}$ total power, the proposed approach reaches sum rates of $14~\mathrm{Gbps}$.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
