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arXiv 2409.03417math.STstat.TH

随机设计下 PDE 回归模型中最大后验估计量的收敛速率

Convergence Rates for the Maximum A Posteriori Estimator in PDE-Regression Models with Random Design

Maximilian Siebel

AI总结:

本文研究随机设计非线性 PDE 回归中的统计逆问题,基于 H^α 约束最小二乘建立估计量存在性、一致性与预测误差上界,并在 Darcy 问题中给出预测和估计收敛速率。

摘要:

我们考虑从如下 Gaussian 回归问题产生的数据中恢复参数 $θ\in H^α$ 的统计逆问题:$Y=\mathscr{G}(θ)(Z)+\varepsilon$,其中非线性前向映射为 $\mathscr{G}:\mathbb{L}^2\to\mathbb{L}^2$,$Z$ 为随机设计点,$\varepsilon$ 为 Gaussian 噪声。估计策略基于在 $\Vert\cdot\Vert_{H^α}$ 约束下的最小二乘方法。在对前向映射 $\mathscr{G}$ 施加 Lipschitz 型假设的条件下,我们证明了最小二乘估计量 $\hatθ$ 的存在性,它是某一给定泛函的极大化点。文中给出了一个一般性集中结果,并利用该结果证明一致性以及预测误差的上界。相应收敛速率不仅反映所关注参数的光滑度,也反映底层逆问题的不适定性。我们将该一般模型应用于 Darcy 问题,其中目标是恢复 PDE 的未知系数函数 $f$。对于该例子,我们还给出预测误差和估计误差的相应收敛速率。此外,我们简要讨论了一般模型对其他问题的适用性。

英文摘要:

We consider the statistical inverse problem of recovering a parameter $θ\in H^α$ from data arising from the Gaussian regression problem \begin{equation*} Y = \mathscr{G}(θ)(Z)+\varepsilon \end{equation*} with nonlinear forward map $\mathscr{G}:\mathbb{L}^2\to\mathbb{L}^2$, random design points $Z$ and Gaussian noise $\varepsilon$. The estimation strategy is based on a least squares approach under $\Vert\cdot\Vert_{H^α}$-constraints. We establish the existence of a least squares estimator $\hatθ$ as a maximizer for a given functional under Lipschitz-type assumptions on the forward map $\mathscr{G}$. A general concentration result is shown, which is used to prove consistency and upper bounds for the prediction error. The corresponding rates of convergence reflect not only the smoothness of the parameter of interest but also the ill-posedness of the underlying inverse problem. We apply the general model to the Darcy problem, where the recovery of an unknown coefficient function $f$ of a PDE is of interest. For this example, we also provide corresponding rates of convergence for the prediction and estimation errors. Additionally, we briefly discuss the applicability of the general model to other problems.

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