用于清华大学台式基布尔天平的小型磁体系统
A Compact Magnet System for the Tsinghua Tabletop Kibble Balance
AI总结：
本文报道了清华大学台式基布尔天平用小型磁体系统的设计、制造与优化，实现了高 $Bl$ 值、低重量和便捷开合操作，并验证了面向 $10^{-8}$ 级质量复现精度的关键系统效应参数。
摘要：
尽管基布尔天平中所谓的磁几何因子 $Bl$ 并不出现在基布尔方程中，但它在电学量与力学量之间提供了精密联系，并为质量计量开辟了一条准量子溯源路径。这一特性使得在基布尔方程中提供 $Bl$ 的磁体系统在基布尔天平中发挥核心作用。遵循开放硬件理念，本文报告了用于清华大学台式基布尔天平的小型磁体系统的设计、制造、装配、优化及最终性能。值得注意的是，本研究中展示的磁体系统通过简化的机械导向结构实现了分裂式磁体上部悬浮的便捷操作，显著提高了开合操作的便利性。实验测试表明，所实现的磁体系统能够产生较高的 $Bl$ 值（例如，双线线圈为 400 Tm，线径为 0.2 mm 的单线圈为 800 Tm），同时由于磁分布均匀性的改善而保持较低的体积/重量（40 kg）。此外，还检验了与系统效应相关的重要参数，如电流效应，目标是实现 $10^{-8}$ 水平的最终质量复现精度。
英文摘要：
Although the so-called magnetic geometrical factor, $Bl$, of a Kibble balance does not appear in the Kibble equations, it offers the precision link between electrical and mechanical quantities and furthers a quasi-quantum traceability path for mass metrology. This feature makes the magnet system, supplying the $Bl$ in Kibble equations, play a core role in Kibble balances. Following the open-hardware idea, we report here on the design, manufacture, assembly, optimization, and finally performance of a compact magnet system for the Tsinghua tabletop Kibble balance. Notably, the magnet system showcased in this study facilitates a straightforward upper levitation of splitting through a streamlined mechanism guide, substantially enhancing the ease of open and close operations. Experimental tests show the realized magnet systems can yield a high $Bl$ value (e.g., 400 Tm for a bifilar coil and 800 Tm for a single coil with a wire gauge of 0.2 mm) meanwhile a low volume/weight (40 kg) thanks to the uniformity improvement of magnetic profiles. Furthermore, important parameters related to systematic effects, such as the current effect, are checked, aiming for a final mass-realization accuracy at the $10^{-8}$ level.
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