相互作用玻色子寡聚体的非传统热态
Non-Conventional Thermal States of Interacting Bosonic Oligomers
AI总结：
本文研究相互作用玻色子寡聚体的热态，提出微正则方法描述非单调模态占据，证明其显著偏离正则与巨正则系综的RJ/BE分布，为系综等价性破坏提供范式并可用于设计热态形状。
摘要：
近年来，人们日益努力以全面的方式理解多体和多态（多模）相互作用玻色子系统的物理性质与复杂动力学。例如，在光子学中，非线性多模光纤因其在超高带宽和高功率能力方面的前景而受到广泛研究。类似的前景也在磁振子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体以及用于室温量子器件和量子计算的周期晶格中的超冷原子方面得到探索。虽然实际上不可能（无论是经典地还是量子力学地）监测这类复杂系统的相空间，但热力学已成功预测了它们的热态：经典场的瑞利-金斯（RJ）分布和量子系统的玻色-爱因斯坦（BE）分布。这些分布是单调的，并倾向于促进基态或最高激发模。在此，我们证明了在玻色子寡聚体的热态中提高其他模式参与度的可能性。由此产生的非单调模态占据由微正则处理描述，同时它们显著偏离正则系综和巨正则系综的RJ/BE预测。我们的结果提供了系综等价性破坏的范式，并可用于设计热态的形状。
英文摘要：
There has recently been a growing effort to understand in a comprehensive manner the physics and intricate dynamics of many-body and many-state (multimode) interacting bosonic systems. For instance, in photonics, nonlinear multimode fibers are nowadays intensely investigated due to their promise for ultra-high-bandwidth and high-power capabilities. Similar prospects are pursued in connection with magnon Bose-Einstein condensates, and ultra-cold atoms in periodic lattices for room-temperature quantum devices and quantum computation respectively. While it is practically impossible to monitor the phase space of such complex systems (classically or quantum mechanically), thermodynamics, has succeeded to predict their thermal state: the Rayleigh-Jeans (RJ) distribution for classical fields and the Bose-Einstein (BE) distribution for quantum systems. These distributions are monotonic and promote either the ground state or the most excited mode. Here, we demonstrate the possibility to advance the participation of other modes in the thermal state of bosonic oligomers. The resulting non-monotonic modal occupancies are described by a microcanonical treatment while they deviate drastically from the RJ/BE predictions of canonical and grand-canonical ensembles. Our results provide a paradigm of ensemble equivalence violation and can be used for designing the shape of thermal states.
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