丝状体之间的瞬时接触将其弹性赋予分支肌动蛋白
Transient contacts between filaments impart its elasticity to branched actin
AI总结：
本研究结合实验、模拟与理论，揭示分支肌动蛋白的弹性源于压缩下丝间瞬时接触的增殖及受力生长时捕获的接触，从而解释其主动适应性刚度。
摘要：
分支肌动蛋白网络在真核细胞中施加推力，并使其刚度适应所处环境。然而，其力学性质和适应性的物理基础尚不清楚。事实上，我们在此表明，它们的高密度和低连接性使其超出了标准肌动蛋白弹性网络模型的适用范围。我们结合高精度力学实验、分子动力学模拟和平均场弹性理论，证明它们反而由压缩过程中丝间接触的增殖所主导。这使分支肌动蛋白与绵羊毛等欠配位纤维材料归为同一类别。当网络在受力条件下生长时，丝状体如同编织在一起般缠结，并将接触捕获在其结构中。被捕获的接触在使网络刚性化方面发挥与交联剂类似的作用，因此是其主动适应性力学的关键。
英文摘要：
Branched actin networks exert pushing forces in eukaryotic cells, and adapt their stiffness to their environment. The physical basis for their mechanics and adaptability is however not understood. Indeed, here we show that their high density and low connectivity place them outside the scope of standard elastic network models for actin. We combine high-precision mechanical experiments, molecular dynamics simulations and a mean-field elastic theory to show that they are instead dominated by the proliferation of interfilament contacts under compression. This places branched actin in the same category as undercoordinated, fibrous materials such as sheep's wool. When the network is grown under force, filaments entangle as if knitted together and trap contacts in their structure. Trapped contacts play a similar role as crosslinkers in rigidifying the network, and are thus key to its active adaptive mechanics.
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