The phenomenon of beam focusing of microwaves in a plasma near a turning-point caustic is discussed in the context of the analytical solution to the Gaussian beam-tracing equations in the 2D linear-layer problem. The location of maximum beam focusing and the beam width at that location are studied in terms of the beam initial conditions. The analytic solution is used to study the effect of this focusing on Doppler backscattering (DBS). We find that the filter function that characterises the scattering intensity contributions along the beam path through the plasma is inversely proportional to the beam width, predicting enhanced scattering contributions from the beam focusing region. We show that the DBS signal enhancement for small incident angles between the beam path and the density gradient is due to beam focusing and not due to forward scattering. The analytic beam model is used to predict the measurement of the $k_y$ density-fluctuation wavenumber power spectrum via DBS, showing that the spectral exponent of the turbulent, intermediate-to-high $k_y$ density-fluctuation spectrum might be quantitatively measurable via DBS, but not the spectral peak corresponding to the driving scale of the turbulent cascade.
A Doppler backscattering diagnostic for the EXL-50U spherical tokamak: plasma considerations and preliminary quasioptical design
A*STAR Research Entities（新加坡科学研究局）；Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；UCLA（加州大学洛杉矶分校）；ENN Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd（新奥科技发展有限公司）
Forecasting the first Edge Localized Mode (ELM) after LH-transition with a neural network trained on Doppler Backscattering data from DIII-D
Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)（科学技术研究局）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校）；Tohoku University（东北大学）
Conceptual study on using Doppler backscattering to measure magnetic pitch angle in tokamak plasmas
Future Energy Acceleration and Translation Programme, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)（未来能源加速与转化计划，科学与技术研究局）；Department of Physics, University of Oxford（牛津大学物理系）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校物理与天文学系）；Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory（劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室）；Department of Physics, National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学物理系）；Commonwealth Fusion Systems（联邦聚变系统）；Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory（普林斯顿等离子体物理实验室）；Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford（牛津大学鲁道夫·佩尔斯理论物理中心）
Using Convolutional Neural Networks to detect Edge Localized Modes in DIII-D from Doppler Backscattering measurements
Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)（高性能计算研究所，科学与技术研究局）；School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学物理与数学科学学院）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校物理与天文学系）；AIP, RIKEN（理化学研究所应用物理部）；Department of Physics, University of Oxford（牛津大学物理系）
Beam-Tracing-Based Quantitative Reconstruction of Density Fluctuations in QUEST Using Doppler Backscattering
Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University（九州大学应用力学研究所）；National Institute for Fusion Science（国立研究开发法人核融合科学研究所）；Future Energy Acceleration & Translation (FEAT), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)（科学技术研究局未来能源加速与转化中心）
Numerical calculations of a high brilliance synchrotron source and on issues with characterizing strong radiation damping effects in non-linear Thomson/Compton backscattering experiments
大量的理论计算研究了辐射反作用力对强场反向传播电子束-激光相互作用中辐射分布的影响，但是这些影响--包括量子校正--是否能在与真实的聚束和聚焦场的相互作用中观察到，正如许多即将提出的实验所希望的那样？我们提出了数值计算的角度分辨辐射光谱的电子束团的参数类似于激光尾场加速实验中产生的，与强烈的，超短激光脉冲相互作用。对于我们的参数，辐射阻尼对\emph{photons}的角分布和能量分布的影响是不容易辨别的一个"现实的"中等发射度电子束。然而，使用这种反向传播的光束-激光器几何形状的实验应该能够通过测量\emph{electron beam}性质来测量使用当前激光系统的这种效应。此外，该源的亮度非常高，峰值光谱亮度超过$10^{29}$光子$\,$ s $^{-1}$ mm $^{-2}$ mrad $^{-2}(0.1$ %带宽$)^{-1}$，效率约为2%，峰值能量为10 MeV。
Comparison of DBS measurements of turbulence spectra by vertical-displacement and poloidal-angle scans using the Scotty synthetic diagnostic
Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)（科学与技术研究局）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)（加州大学洛杉矶分校）
Numerical simulations of waves and turbulence in coronal loops: observables and spectra
Università della Calabria（卡拉布里亚大学）；Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-ISTP)（等离子体科学与技术研究所，意大利国家研究委员会）；Goethe Universität（法兰克福歌德大学）；Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica - INAF（意大利国家天体物理研究所）；Università di Palermo（巴勒莫大学）；National Institute for Astrophysics, Astronomical Observatory of Palermo（意大利国家天体物理研究所，巴勒莫天文台）；Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics（哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心）；KU Leuven（荷语鲁汶大学）；Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophysics Laboratory（洛克希德·马丁太阳与天体物理实验室）；University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学）
