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arXiv 2408.12596cs.DC
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Poplar:异构GPU集群上分布式DNN训练的高效扩展

Poplar: Efficient Scaling of Distributed DNN Training on Heterogeneous GPU Clusters

WenZheng Zhang, Yang Hu, Jing Shi, Xiaoying Bai

AI总结:

本文提出Poplar分布式训练系统,通过扩展ZeRO实现异构感知,结合细粒度测量、批处理分配与搜索算法优化异构GPU集群利用率,实现全自动化并行,吞吐量提升1.02-3.92倍。

摘要:

扩展深度神经网络(DNN)在GPU数量和计算能力方面需要大量的计算资源。实际上,由于GPU产品快速的发布周期,通常存在大量异构的GPU设备。高效且经济地利用异构GPU的能力以满足DNN研究与开发的需求是非常必要的。本文介绍了Poplar,这是一个分布式训练系统,通过异构感知能力扩展了Zero Redundancy Optimizer (ZeRO)。我们探索了更广泛的GPU异构性,包括计算能力、内存容量、数量以及它们的组合。为了在所有异构条件下实现高计算效率,Poplar在每个ZeRO阶段对GPU进行细粒度的测量。我们提出了一种新颖的批处理分配方法和搜索算法,以优化异构GPU集群的利用率。此外,Poplar实现了完全自动化的并行,消除了部署异构硬件和寻找合适批处理大小的需要。在包含六种不同类型GPU的三个异构集群上的大量实验表明,与当前最先进的异构训练系统相比,Poplar实现了1.02-3.92倍的训练吞吐量提升。

英文摘要:

Scaling Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) requires significant computational resources in terms of GPU quantity and compute capacity. In practice, there usually exists a large number of heterogeneous GPU devices due to the rapid release cycle of GPU products. It is highly needed to efficiently and economically harness the power of heterogeneous GPUs, so that it can meet the requirements of DNN research and development. The paper introduces Poplar, a distributed training system that extends Zero Redundancy Optimizer (ZeRO) with heterogeneous-aware capabilities. We explore a broader spectrum of GPU heterogeneity, including compute capability, memory capacity, quantity and a combination of them. In order to achieve high computational efficiency across all heterogeneous conditions, Poplar conducts fine-grained measurements of GPUs in each ZeRO stage. We propose a novel batch allocation method and a search algorithm to optimize the utilization of heterogeneous GPUs clusters. Furthermore, Poplar implements fully automated parallelism, eliminating the need for deploying heterogeneous hardware and finding suitable batch size. Extensive experiments on three heterogeneous clusters, comprising six different types of GPUs, demonstrate that Poplar achieves a training throughput improvement of 1.02-3.92x over current state-of-the-art heterogeneous training systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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