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arXiv 2408.08533stat.MLcs.LG
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Adv-SSL:具有理论保证的对抗自监督表征学习

Adv-SSL: Adversarial Self-Supervised Representation Learning with Theoretical Guarantees

School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University(武汉大学数学与统计学学院);School of Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University(武汉大学人工智能学院);National Center for Applied Mathematics in Hubei, Wuhan University(湖北省应用数学中心);Hubei Key Laboratory of Computational Science, Wuhan University(湖北省计算科学重点实验室);Center of Statistical Research, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics(西南财经大学统计研究中心);School of Statistics and Data Science, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics(西南财经大学统计与数据科学学院);New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics(西南财经大学新基石科学实验室);Institute for Math & AI, Wuhan University(武汉大学数学与人工智能研究院)

Chenguang Duan, Yuling Jiao, Huazhen Lin, Wensen Ma, Jerry Zhijian Yang

AI总结:

针对协方差对齐类自监督方法的有偏样本风险,本文提出无额外成本的对抗自监督框架Adv-SSL,并通过端到端理论与多基准实验证明其表征聚类和少样本分类优势。

摘要:

从大量无标签数据中学习可迁移的数据表征,仍然是机器学习中的一项核心挑战。尽管已有许多自监督学习方法被提出以应对这一挑战,但其中相当一类方法会将协方差矩阵或相关矩阵与单位矩阵对齐。尽管这些方法在各类下游任务中表现出色,却往往存在有偏样本风险,导致小批量设置中出现显著的优化偏移,并使理论分析复杂化。本文提出一种新颖的对抗自监督表征学习(Adv-SSL),用于无偏迁移学习,并且与其有偏对应方法相比不会产生额外成本。我们的方法不仅在多个基准数据集上优于现有方法,还得到了全面端到端理论保证的支持。分析表明,只要存在充足的上游无标签数据,Adv-SSL中的极小极大优化就会促使表征在嵌入空间中形成分离良好的簇。因此,即使下游标签有限,我们的方法也能取得强大的分类性能,为少样本学习提供了新的思路。

英文摘要:

Learning transferable data representations from abundant unlabeled data remains a central challenge in machine learning. Although numerous self-supervised learning methods have been proposed to address this challenge, a significant class of these approaches aligns the covariance or correlation matrix with the identity matrix. Despite impressive performance across various downstream tasks, these methods often suffer from biased sample risk, leading to substantial optimization shifts in mini-batch settings and complicating theoretical analysis. In this paper, we introduce a novel \underline{\bf Adv}ersarial \underline{\bf S}elf-\underline{\bf S}upervised Representation \underline{\bf L}earning (Adv-SSL) for unbiased transfer learning with no additional cost compared to its biased counterparts. Our approach not only outperforms the existing methods across multiple benchmark datasets but is also supported by comprehensive end-to-end theoretical guarantees. Our analysis reveals that the minimax optimization in Adv-SSL encourages representations to form well-separated clusters in the embedding space, provided there is sufficient upstream unlabeled data. As a result, our method achieves strong classification performance even with limited downstream labels, shedding new light on few-shot learning.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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