聚变等离子体的逆渲染：从成像系统推断等离子体成分
Inverse Rendering of Fusion Plasmas: Inferring Plasma Composition from Imaging Systems
AI总结：
本研究提出聚变等离子体可微渲染逆渲染管线，可整合任意等离子体量表示到非线性优化框架，能仅靠成像等数据反推多种等离子体参数，且适配真实成像系统的非理想条件。
摘要：
在本研究中，我们开发了一套可微渲染管线，用于可视化托卡马克（tokamak）内部的等离子体辐射，同时估算辐射梯度及其他物理量。与已有研究不同，我们的方法能够利用等离子体物理量的任意表示形式，并可轻松将其整合到非线性优化框架中。该方法的高效性不仅支持估算物理上合理的等离子体图像，还能仅通过成像数据和中平面测量结果反推中性氘（Deuterium）的分布。我们通过三种不同复杂度的场景验证了该方法：其一，仅靠成像数据即可反推极向中性粒子密度分布；其二，可联合反推中性氘分布、电子密度和电子温度；其三，该方法可在包含传感器裁剪与量化的真实成像系统条件下实现上述反推。
英文摘要：
In this work, we develop a differentiable rendering pipeline for visualising plasma emission within tokamaks, and estimating the gradients of the emission and estimating other physical quantities. Unlike prior work, we are able to leverage arbitrary representations of plasma quantities and easily incorporate them into a non-linear optimisation framework. The efficiency of our method enables not only estimation of a physically plausible image of plasma, but also recovery of the neutral Deuterium distribution from imaging and midplane measurements alone. We demonstrate our method with three different levels of complexity showing first that a poloidal neutrals density distribution can be recovered from imaging alone, second that the distributions of neutral Deuterium, electron density and electron temperature can be recovered jointly, and finally, that this can be done in the presence of realistic imaging systems that incorporate sensor cropping and quantisation.
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