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arXiv 2408.06504stat.ME
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用于基于模拟的贝叶斯模型验证的启动先验

Primed Priors for Simulation-Based Validation of Bayesian Models

Luna Fazio, Maximilian Scholz, Javier Enrique Aguilar, Paul-Christian Bürkner

AI总结:

本文提出启动先验,无需真实数据即可为基于模拟的校准(SBC)指定适当先验,避免过宽或过窄问题,并在三项模拟研究中验证其有效性。

摘要:

基于模拟的校准(SBC)是一种通过从生成模型模拟的数据进行重复推断来验证推断算法和模型实现的方法。要使模型具有生成性,必须指定适当的先验。然而,除最简单的情况外,为每个模型参数选择先验是一项非平凡的任务。特别是,过于宽泛的先验可能因极端参数值而产生数值问题,而过于狭窄的先验可能恰好排除参数空间中合法实现问题会显现的区域。当待分析的数据已经可用时,可以通过检查相应后验的校准来回避该问题,但这并非总是可行的选择。在本文中,我们调整了催化先验框架(该框架最近被提出用于构建基于数据的先验分布),并提出了启动先验,它不需要真实数据,因此可以促进SBC中的先验规范。我们讨论了启动先验与催化先验理论的相关联系,并在三项模拟研究中展示了它们在SBC中的使用。

英文摘要:

Simulation-based calibration (SBC) is a method for validating inference algorithms and model implementations through repeated inference on data simulated from a generative model. For a model to be generative, one must specify proper priors. However, in all but the simplest of cases, choosing priors for every model parameter is a nontrivial task. In particular, priors that are too broad can produce numerical issues due to extreme parameter values while overly narrow ones can exclude precisely those regions of the parameter space where legitimate problems in the implementation would have manifested. When the data to be analyzed is already available, the issue can be sidestepped by checking calibration on the corresponding posterior, but that is not always a viable option. In this paper, we adapt the framework of catalytic priors, which have been recently proposed for construction of data-based prior distributions, and propose primed priors, which do not require real data and can therefore facilitate prior specification in SBC. We discuss relevant connections of primed priors to the theory of catalytic priors and show their use for SBC in three simulation studies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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