纳米机电超材料中千兆赫兹弹性波的克莱因隧穿
Klein Tunneling of Gigahertz Elastic Waves in Nanoelectromechanical Metamaterials
AI总结：
本文在千兆赫兹纳米机电超材料中首次实现声学克莱因隧穿，通过微波阻抗显微镜提取倒空间映射，验证了近单位透射率及强角度依赖特性，为超高频波动器件应用开辟了新途径。
摘要：
克莱因隧穿是指相对论粒子垂直入射时完全穿透能量势垒的现象，已在多种电子、光子与声子系统中得到验证。然而，其在超高频频段引导与滤波经典波方面的潜力尚未被探索。本文报道了在千兆赫兹频率下工作的纳米机电超材料系统中实现声学克莱因隧穿。通过透射模式微波阻抗显微镜获取压电电势分布，并从中提取倒空间映射。在克莱因隧穿区间内，垂直入射弹性波的透射率接近1，而在该频率范围之外显著下降，与微波网络分析结果一致。通过控制发射叉指换能器的发射角度，还观察到强烈的角度依赖透射行为。该工作拓展了利用高能物理现象实现经典与量子领域实际电路应用的视野。
英文摘要：
Klein tunneling, the perfect transmission of a normally incident relativistic particle through an energy barrier, has been tested in various electronic, photonic, and phononic systems. Its potential in guiding and filtering classical waves in the Ultra High Frequency regime, on the other hand, has not been explored. Here, we report the realization of acoustic Klein tunneling in a nanoelectromechanical metamaterial system operating at gigahertz frequencies. The piezoelectric potential profiles are obtained by transmission-mode microwave impedance microscopy, from which reciprocal-space maps can be extracted. The transmission rate of normally incident elastic waves is near unity in the Klein tunneling regime and drops significantly outside this frequency range, consistent with microwave network analysis. Strong angular dependent transmission is also observed by controlling the launching angle of the emitter interdigital transducer. This work broadens the horizon in exploiting high-energy-physics phenomena for practical circuit applications in both classical and quantum regimes.
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