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arXiv 2408.02583gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-thmath-phmath.MP
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通过希格斯-胀子耦合产生可变光速的机制:理论与宇宙学应用

A mechanism to generate varying speed of light via Higgs-dilaton coupling: Theory and cosmological applications

Hoang Ky Nguyen

AI总结:

本文提出通过希格斯场与胀子场耦合使光速和普朗克常数随胀子场变化,并利用该机制解释超新星数据、复活无暗能量的CMB分析并缓解哈勃常数张力。

摘要:

我们允许希格斯场 $Φ$ 通过耦合 $χ^2\\,Φ^\daggerΦ$ 与背景时空的胀子场 $χ$ 相互作用。在自发规范对称性破缺时,希格斯真空期望值(VEV)变得正比于 $χ$。传统上,这种联系被用来使普朗克质量和粒子质量依赖于 $χ$,而我们提出一种替代机制:希格斯真空期望值将被用来构造普朗克常数 $\hbar$ 和光速 $c$。具体而言,时空流形上给定点 $x^*$ 的每个开集邻域都配备一个 Glashow-Weinberg-Salam 作用量的副本,该副本以其自身的有效值 $\hbar_*$ 和 $c_*$ 运行,满足 $\hbar_*\proptoχ^{-1/2}(x^*)$ 和 $c_*\proptoχ^{1/2}(x^*)$,使得这些“基本常数”随动力学场 $χ$ 一同变化。此外,在 $x^*$ 周围的每个开集中,当前值 $χ(x^*)$ 决定了该区域中物理过程的长度和时间尺度,即 $l\proptoχ^{-1}(x^*)$ 和 $τ\proptoχ^{-3/2}(x^*)$。这导致时钟速率与杆长度之间存在各向异性关系 $τ^{-1}\propto l^{-3/2}$,从而产生一系列新颖的物理现象。对于晚期宇宙学,光速沿遥远超新星发出的光波轨迹向地球观测者传播时的变化,要求对 Lemaître 红移关系和哈勃定律进行修正。这些修正能够:(1)通过在膨胀的爱因斯坦-德西特宇宙中光速递减来解释 Pantheon Catalog of SNeIa,从而避免对暗能量的需求;(2)复兴 Blanchard-Douspis-Rowan-Robinson-Sarkar 的宇宙微波背景功率谱分析,该分析绕过了暗能量 [A&A 412, 35 (2003)];(3)在不需要动力学暗能量分量的情况下解决 $H_0$ 张力。

英文摘要:

We allow the Higgs field $Φ$ to interact with a dilaton field $χ$ of the background spacetime via the coupling $χ^2\,Φ^\daggerΦ$. Upon spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking, the Higgs VEV becomes proportional to $χ$. While traditionally this linkage is employed to make the Planck mass and particle masses dependent on $χ$, we present an $\textit alternative$ mechanism: the Higgs VEV will be used to construct Planck's constant $\hbar$ and speed of light $c$. Specifically, each open set vicinity of a given point $x^*$ on the spacetime manifold is equipped with a replica of the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam action operating with its own effective values of $\hbar_*$ and $c_*$ per $\hbar_*\proptoχ^{-1/2}(x^*)$ and $c_*\proptoχ^{1/2}(x^*)$, causing these ``fundamental constants'' to vary alongside the dynamical field $χ$. Moreover, in each open set around $x^*$, the prevailing value $χ(x^*)$ determines the length and time scales for physical processes occurring in this region as $l\proptoχ^{-1}(x^*)$ and $τ\proptoχ^{-3/2}(x^*)$. This leads to an $\textit anisotropic$ relation $τ^{-1}\propto l^{-3/2}$ between the rate of clocks and the length of rods, resulting in a distinct set of novel physical phenomena. For late-time cosmology, the variation of $c$ along the trajectory of light waves from distant supernovae towards the Earth-based observer necessitates modifications to the Lemaître redshift relation and the Hubble law. These modifications are capable of: (1) Accounting for the Pantheon Catalog of SNeIa $\textit{through a declining speed of light in an expanding Einstein--de Sitter universe}$, thus avoiding the need for dark energy; (2) Revitalizing Blanchard-Douspis-Rowan-Robinson-Sarkar's CMB power spectrum analysis that bypassed dark energy [A&A 412, 35 (2003)]; and (3) Resolving the $H_0$ tension without requiring a dynamical dark energy component.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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