arXiv 2408.012962024-08hep-ph

迈向动力学混合与门户物质的紫外模型：一个更复杂的暗物质扇区？

Towards UV Models of Kinetic Mixing and Portal Matter: A More Complex Dark Matter Sector?

Thomas G. Rizzo

备注：: 26 pages, 6 figs; text and refs updated

AI总结：

本文研究将暗规范群从 $U(1)_D$ 嵌入非阿贝尔群 $G_D$ 后，放宽暗物质为矢量-like 单态的假设，分析暗物质处于 $SU(2)_I\ imes U(1)_{Y_I}$ 双重态的最简单扩展，并发现受 LHC 约束，新暗态在对撞机上难以大速率产生。

摘要：

门户物质（Portal Matter）同时携带标准模型（SM）和暗电荷，会诱导 $U(1)_D$ 暗光子与标准模型规范场之间的动力学混合（KM），从而提供一种有吸引力的机制，使轻的热暗物质能够获得观测到的遗迹密度。如果暗物质是费米子，宇宙微波背景（CMB）告诉我们，它本质上必须是 Majorana 或赝 Dirac 粒子，以避免与温度无关的 $s$ 波湮灭到标准模型态。这如何与标准模型一起融入更完整的图像？沿着这条路径的第一步在能量上可能并不遥远，因为暗规范耦合的重整化群（RGE）跑动可能在几十 TeV 能标之前就变得非微扰。这意味着 $U(1)_D$ 必须在此之前被嵌入到一个非阿贝尔群 $G_D$ 中。该群的破缺随后产生门户物质质量，而与 $G_D$ 相关的重规范场导致标准模型与暗扇区之间的新相互作用。过去我们基于若干简化假设，研究了与此设置相关的一系列独特唯象特征。我们有必要探索这些假设对这些模型可能实验检验的预言的影响。在以往的分析中，我们假设暗物质是 $G_D$ 下的矢量-like（VL）复单态。如果放宽这一假设，暗扇区必须通过额外的费米子以及破缺对称性并同时为暗物质生成所需 Majorana 型质量项的标量场来扩充。这里我们分析这类最简单扩展，其中暗物质位于 $G_D$ 的 VL 双重态中，我们取 $G_D$ 具有 $SU(2)_I\ imes U(1)_{Y_I}$ 结构，从而带来新的唯象学。我们发现，考虑到当前 LHC 对重规范玻色子质量的搜索限制，除非这些新暗态通过 $gg$ 融合单产生或通过共振增强，否则在对撞机上以较大速率产生这些新暗态的可能性不大。

英文摘要：

Portal Matter, with both SM and dark charges, induces KM between the $U(1)_D$ dark photon and the SM gauge fields offering an attractive mechanism by which light thermal DM can obtain its observed relic density. If DM is fermionic, the CMB informs us that it must be Majorana/pseudo-Dirac in nature to avoid temperature-independent $s$-wave annihilation to SM states. How does this fit into a more complete picture with the SM? A first step along this path may not lie far away in energy due to the RGE running of the dark gauge coupling which can becomes non-perturbative before the $\sim 10$'s of TeV range. This implies that $U(1)_D$ must become embedded in a non-Abelian group, $G_D$, before this occurs. The breaking of this group then produces the PM masses and the heavy gauge fields associated with $G_D$ lead to new interactions between the SM and the dark sector. In the past we have examined a set of distinctive phenomenological features associated with this setup, based upon a number of simplifying assumptions. It behooves us to explore the impact of these assumptions on the predictions for possible experimental tests of these models. In past analyses we assumed that DM is a VL, complex singlet under $G_D$. If this assumption is relaxed, the dark sector must be augmented by additional fermion(s) and the scalar fields needed to break the symmetries while generating the needed Majorana-like mass terms for the DM. Here we analyze the simplest extension of this kind wherein the DM lies in a VL doublet of $G_D$, which we take to have the structure $SU(2)_I\times U(1)_{Y_I}$, leading to new phenomenology. We find that given the current LHC search constraints on the masses of heavy gauge bosons, the production of these new dark states with large rates is unlikely at colliders unless they are produced singly in $gg$-fusion or are resonantly enhanced.

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摘要：

英文摘要：

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