We estimate the near-Sun axial magnetic field of a coronal mass ejection (CME) on 10 March 2022. Solar Orbiter's in situ measurements, 7.8 degrees east of the Sun-Earth line at 0.43 AU, provided a unique vantage point, along with the WIND measurements at 0.99 AU. We determine a single power-law index from near-Sun to L1, including in situ measurements from both vantage points. We tracked the temporal evolution of the instantaneous relative magnetic helicity of the source active region (AR), NOAA AR 12962. By estimating the helicity budget of the pre-and post-eruption AR, we estimated the helicity transported to the CME. Assuming a Lundquist flux-rope model and geometrical parameters obtained through the graduated cylindrical shell (GCS) CME forward modelling, we determined the CME axial magnetic field at a GCS-fitted height. Assuming a power-law variation of the axial magnetic field with heliocentric distance, we extrapolated the estimated near-Sun axial magnetic field to in situ measurements at 0.43 AU and 0.99 AU. The net helicity difference between the post-and pre-eruption AR is $(-7.1 \pm 1.2) \times 10^{41} \mathrm{Mx^{2}}$, which is assumed to be bodily transported to the CME. The estimated CME axial magnetic field at a near-Sun heliocentric distance of 0.03 AU is 2067 $\pm$ 405 nT. From 0.03 AU to L1, a single power-law falloff, including both vantage points at 0.43 AU and 0.99 AU, gives an index $-1.23 \pm 0.18$. We observed a significant decrease in the pre-eruptive AR helicity budget. Extending previous studies on inner-heliospheric intervals from 0.3 AU to $\sim$1 AU, referring to estimates from 0.03 AU to measurements at $\sim$1 AU. Our findings indicate a less steep decline in the magnetic field strength with distance compared to previous studies, but they align with studies that include near-Sun in situ magnetic field measurements, such as from Parker Solar Probe.
Turbulent Properties of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections Observed by Solar Orbiter in the Inner Heliosphere
Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences（阿亚巴塔观测科学研究所）；Department of Applied Physics, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University（马哈特马·乔蒂巴·普勒罗希尔坎德大学应用物理系）；Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur（坎普尔印度理工学院物理系）；Indian Institute of Space Science and technology（印度空间科学与技术研究所）；Indian Institute of Astrophysics（印度天体物理研究所）；Center of Excellence in Space Sciences India, IISER Kolkata（印度空间科学卓越中心，加尔各答印度科学教育研究所）
Multi-point study of the energy release and transport in the 28 March 2022, M4-flare using STIX, EUI, and AIA during the first Solar Orbiter nominal mission perihelion
The recent launch of Solar Orbiter and BepiColombo opened a brief window in which these two spacecraft were positioned in a constellation that allows for the detailed sampling of any Earth-directed CMEs. Fortunately, two such events occurred with in situ detections of an ICME by Solar Orbiter on the 19th of April and the 28th of May 2020. These two events were subsequently also observed in situ by BepiColombo and Wind around a day later. We attempt to reconstruct the observed in situ magnetic field measurements for all three spacecraft simultaneously using an empirical magnetic flux rope model…
Validating a Non-conventional Method for Expansion of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and Investigating the Evolution of a CME Substructures Using Solar Orbiter and Wind Observations
University of Reading（雷丁大学）；Austrian Space Weather Office, GeoSphere Austria（奥地利空间天气办公室，地球系统奥地利）；Indian Institute of Astrophysics（印度天体物理研究所）；Pondicherry University（本地治里大学）
We report observations of a unique, large prominence eruption that was observed in the He II 304 Å passband of the the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager/Full Sun Imager telescope aboard Solar Orbiter on 15-16 February 2022. Observations from several vantage points (Solar Orbiter, the Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, and Earth-orbiting satellites) were used to measure the kinematics of the erupting prominence and the associated coronal mass ejection. Three-dimensional reconstruction was used to calculate the deprojected positions and speeds of different …
We report the result of the first search for multipoint in situ and imaging observations of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) starting with the first Solar Orbiter (SolO) data in 2020 April - 2021 April. A data exploration analysis is performed including visualizations of the magnetic field and plasma observations made by the five spacecraft SolO, BepiColombo, Parker Solar Probe (PSP), Wind and STEREO-A, in connection with coronagraph and heliospheric imaging observations from STEREO-A/SECCHI and SOHO/LASCO. We identify ICME events that could be unambiguously followed with the STER…
On February 12, 2021 two subsequent eruptions occurred above the West limb, as seen along the Sun-Earth line. The first event was a typical slow Coronal Mass Ejection (CME), followed $\sim 7$ hours later by a smaller and collimated prominence eruption, originating Southward with respect to the CME, followed by a plasma blob. These events were observed not only by SOHO and STEREO-A missions, but also by the suite of remote sensing instruments on-board Solar Orbiter (SolO). This work shows how data acquired by the Full Sun Imager (FSI), Metis coronagraph, and Heliospheric Imager (SoloHI) from th…
Aims. We present observations of the first coronal mass ejection (CME) observed at the Solar Orbiter spacecraft on April 19, 2020, and the associated Forbush decrease (FD) measured by its High Energy Telescope (HET). This CME is a multispacecraft event also seen near Earth the next day. Methods. We highlight the capabilities of HET for observing small short-term variations of the galactic cosmic ray count rate using its single detector counters. The analytical ForbMod model is applied to the FD measurements to reproduce the Forbush decrease at both locations. Input parameters for the model are…
Propagation of the 2012 March Coronal Mass Ejections from the Sun to Heliopause
2012年3月，太阳展示了非凡的活动。特别是，活动区NOAA AR 11429发射了一系列大的日冕物质抛射（CME），当它随太阳从东向西旋转时，STEREO成像。这些持续的喷发预计将产生一个席卷日光层的扰动物质的全球外壳。在地球附近观测到一组激波和行星际日冕物质抛射（ICME），并使用MHD模型从1 AU向外传播。瞬态流相互作用，这擦除源的记忆，并导致一个大的合并的相互作用区域（MIR）与前一个冲击。MHD模型预测，激波和和平号将在2013年4月22日左右达到120 AU，这与旅行者1号探测到的射电辐射周期和银河系宇宙射线的瞬态扰动时间吻合得很好。这些结果对于了解日冕物质抛射在外层日光层中的“命运”是很重要的，并提供了太阳风层顶位于距离太阳约120天文单位的信心。
Aims.We aim to locate the origin of a stealth coronal mass ejection (CME) detected in situ by the MAG instrument on board Solar Orbiter, and make connections between the CME observed at the Sun, and the interplanetary CME (ICME) measured in situ. Methods. Remote sensing data are analysed using advanced image processing techniques to identify the source region of the stealth CME, and the global magnetic field at the time of the eruption is examined using Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) models. The observations of the stealth CME at the Sun are compared with the magnetic field measured by …
Discrepancies in the Properties of a Coronal Mass Ejection on Scales of 0.03~au as Revealed by Simultaneous Measurements at Solar Orbiter and Wind: The 2021 November 3--5 Event
本研究利用 SolO 和 Wind 同步原位观测，发现 2.2° 角向分离即可导致 CME 磁云性质显著差异，排除了时间演化，证实空间变化是主因，且使预测误差显著增大。
Brightenings observed in the solar extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) images are generally interpreted as signatures of micro- or nanoflares occurring at the transition region or coronal temperatures. Recent observations with the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) on board Solar Orbiter have revealed the smallest of such brightenings (termed campfires) in the quiet-Sun corona. Analyzing EUI 174 Å data at a resolution of about 400 km on the Sun with a cadence of 5 s from 30-May-2020, we report here a number of cases where these campfires exhibit propagating signatures along their apparent small (3-5 Mm) l…
Sulfur fractionation in coronal plumes as observed by Solar Orbiter/SPICE
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale（巴黎萨克雷大学）；European Space Agency（欧洲空间局）；Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London（伦敦大学学院穆拉德太空科学实验室）；Dublin City University（都柏林城市大学）；Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies（都柏林高等研究院）
Sheaths ahead of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large heliospheric structures that form with CME expansion and propagation. Turbulent and compressed sheaths contribute to the acceleration of particles in the corona and in interplanetary space, but the relation of their internal structures to particle energization is still relatively little studied. In particular, the role of sheaths in accelerating particles when the shock Mach number is low is a significant open problem. This work seeks to provide new insights on the internal structure of CME sheaths with regard to energetic particle enhan…
The origin of 3He abundance enhancements in coronal mass ejection (CME)-driven shock gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events remains largely unexplained. Two mechanisms have been suggested - the re-acceleration of remnant flare material in interplanetary space and concomitant activity in the corona. We explore the first gradual SEP event with enhanced 3He abundance observed by Solar Orbiter. The event started on 2020 November 24 and was associated with a relatively fast halo CME. During the event, the spacecraft was at 0.9 au from the Sun. The event averaged 3He/4He abundance ratio is 24…
Two Step Filament Eruption During 14-15 March 2015
我们在这里介绍了2015年3月14日至15日期间有趣的两步灯丝喷发。这条暗条位于NOAA AR 12297，与一个晕日冕物质抛射（CME）有关。我们使用来自太阳动力学天文台（SDO）上的大气成像组件（AIA）和日光层磁成像仪（HMI）仪器以及太阳和日光层天文台（SOHO）大角度和光谱日冕仪（LASCO）的观测结果。我们还使用来自全球振荡网络组（GONG）望远镜和Kanzelhoehe太阳天文台的H-α数据。灯丝显示了2015年3月14日的第一次喷发，它在太阳盘面上的投影高度约125 Mm处停止上升。它保持在这个高度约12小时。最后，它在2015年3月15日爆发，并产生了一个光环CME。我们还发现，在这两天的活动区喷流活动，这可能有助于暗条的不稳定和爆发。衰变指数的计算，以了解这两个步骤的喷发。爆发可能是由于连续的不稳定-稳定-不稳定区的存在，因为暗条正在上升。
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent one type of the major eruption from the Sun. Their interplanetary counterparts, the interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs), are the direct manifestations of these structures when they propagate into the heliosphere and encounter one or more observing spacecraft. The ICMEs generally exhibit a set of distinctive signatures from the in-situ spacecraft measurements. A particular subset of ICMEs, the so-called Magnetic Clouds (MCs), is more uniquely defined and has been studied for decades, based on in-situ magnetic field and plasma measurements. By utilizing the latest…
We present a detailed three-dimensional (3D) view of a prominence eruption, coronal loop expansion, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) associated with an M4.4 flare that occurred on 2011 March 8 in the active region NOAA 11165. Full-disk H$α$ images of the flare and filament ejection were successfully obtained by the Flare Monitoring Telescope (FMT) following its relocation to Ica University, Peru. Multiwavelength observation around the H$α$ line enabled us to derive the 3D velocity field of the H$α$ prominence eruption. Features in extreme ultraviolet were also obtained by the Atmospheric Imag…
Solar Orbiter observed an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) event at 0.8 AU on 2020 April 19. The ICME was also observed by Wind at 1 AU on 2020 April 20. An interplanetary shock wave was driven in front of the ICME. We focus on the transmission of the magnetic fluctuations across the shock and analyze the characteristic wave modes of solar wind turbulence near the shock observed by both spacecraft. The ICME event is characterized by a magnetic helicity based technique. The shock normal is determined by magnetic coplanarity method for Solar Orbiter and using a mixed coplanarity appro…
Sunward Streaming 3He-rich SEP Events Observed by Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe during Perihelion Passage
Southwest Research Institute（西南研究所）；Center for Astrophysics—Harvard & Smithsonian（天体物理学中心——哈佛与史密森尼学会）；Space Radiation Laboratory, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院空间辐射实验室）；Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室）；The University of Texas at San Antonio（得克萨斯大学圣安东尼奥分校）
