为CERN注入器复合体设计、开发与建造新型束流阻止器
Design, development, and construction of the new beam stoppers for CERN's injector complex
AI总结：
针对LHC注入器升级后束流脉冲能量升至92.5 kJ的需求，本文提出并实现了新一代28个束流阻止器的需求驱动设计，采用564 mm长CuCr1Zr吸收体与Inconel 718稀释器的标准化可适应结构，满足安全、维护、效率与可靠性要求。
摘要：
束流阻止器安装在CERN加速器复合体的传输线中；这些部件用作进入安全系统的一部分，保障加速器内工作人员的安全。它们被设计用于阻止一个或至多几个束流脉冲，其中“阻止”指对主束流进行部分或完全吸收，使得剩余未被吸收的主束流或次级束流保持在规定阈值以下，该阈值由辐射防护需求确定。在第二次长停机（LS2；2018–2021）之前，注入器复合体中的束流阻止器按9.0至30 kJ的束流脉冲能量进行设计。在LHC注入器升级（LIU）项目框架下对加速器复合体进行的升级涉及高达92.5 kJ的束流脉冲能量，这意味着这些束流阻止器无法满足新的功能规格。为应对LIU束流参数并满足安全性、可维护性、效率和可靠性要求，新一代28个束流阻止器已被设计、建造并安装。本文旨在展示这些新型束流阻止器的需求驱动设计，概述主要需求并描述设计与结构评估。本文介绍了标准化但可适应设计的实施与集成，采用独特的564 mm长阻止器芯体，包含CuCr1Zr吸收体和Inconel 718稀释器，并考虑了放射学和基础设施方面的挑战。文中还描述了安装过程，并介绍了自LS2以来收到的首批运行反馈。
英文摘要：
Beam stoppers are installed in the transfer lines of the CERN accelerator complex; these components are used as part of the access safety system, which guarantees the safety of workers in the accelerators. They are designed to stop one or at most a few pulses of the beam, where "stop" means the partial or complete absorption of the primary beam in such a way that the remaining unabsorbed primary or secondary beam remains below a specified threshold, as defined by the needs of radiation protection. Prior to Long Shutdown 2 (LS2; 2018--2021), beam stoppers in the injector complex were dimensioned for beam-pulse energies between 9.0 and 30~kJ. The upgrade of the accelerator complex in the framework of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project involves beam-pulse energies of up to 92.5~kJ, meaning that these beam stoppers are not able to fulfill the new functional specifications. To cope with the LIU beam parameters and fulfil requirements for safety, maintainability, efficiency, and reliability, a new generation of 28 beam stoppers has been designed, built, and installed. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the requirements-driven design of these new beam stoppers, outlining the main requirements along with a description of the design and structural assessments. This document presents the implementation and integration of a standardized but adaptable design using a unique 564-mm-long stopper core with a CuCr1Zr absorber and an Inconel~718 diluter, taking into account radiological and infrastructure challenges. The installation process is also described, and the first operational feedback received since LS2 is presented.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
