仅相位波波夫作用量：热力学推导与超导电动力学
Only-phase Popov action: thermodynamic derivation and superconducting electrodynamics
AI总结：
本文通过热力学方法推导仅相位波波夫作用量，并将其应用于零温超导体，预言静电场衰减长度远小于伦敦穿透深度，且得到相对论性推广的验证。
摘要：
我们对仅相位波波夫作用量泛函给出了一种热力学推导，该作用量常被用于研究一般非相对论超流体的低能有效流体力学。研究表明，关键假设是在忽略量子压强项之后使用鞍点近似。作为应用，我们分析了零温下与电磁场耦合的带电超流体（超导体）。我们的仅相位且最小耦合的理论预言，超导体内部静电场的衰减特征长度远小于静态磁场的伦敦穿透深度。这一结果也由我们从克莱因-戈尔登拉格朗日量得到的相对论性仅相位波波夫作用量所证实。
英文摘要：
We provide a thermodynamic derivation of the only-phase Popov action functional, which is often adopted to study the low-energy effective hydrodynamics of a generic nonrelativistic superfluid. It is shown that the crucial assumption is the use of the saddle point approximation after neglecting the quantum-pressure term. As an application, we analyze charged superfluid (superconductors) coupled to the electromagnetic field at zero temperature. Our only-phase and minimally-coupled theory predicts the decay of the electrostatic field inside a superconductor with a characteristic length much smaller than the London penetration depth of the static magnetic field. This result is confirmed also by a relativistic only-phase Popov action we obtain from the Klein-Gordon Lagrangian.
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