局域化系统中的热化传播前沿与对雪崩的鲁棒性
Thermalization propagation front and robustness against avalanches in localized systems
AI总结：
本文通过研究局域化自旋链与无穷温热库耦合的动力学，发现热化前沿随时间对数缓慢传播，并由此证明在较宽参数范围内多体局域化相对量子雪崩具有鲁棒性。
摘要：
我们通过研究与一个温度为无穷大的热库在其最左端耦合的局域化自旋链的动力学，研究了多体局域化（MBL）相对量子雪崩不稳定性的鲁棒性。通过分析局域磁化强度，我们估计了链中已热化部分的大小，并发现它随时间以对数方式缓慢增长。这种热化前沿的对数缓慢传播使我们能够给出最慢热化时间的下界，并发现一个较宽的参数范围，在该范围内热化时间随系统尺寸增长得足够快，从而使MBL对由雪崩引起的热化具有鲁棒性。进一步的发现是，不平衡度——一个衡量局域化的全局量——在一个既随无序强度又随系统尺寸呈指数增长的时间尺度上热化，这与上述结果一致。
英文摘要：
We investigate the robustness of the many-body localized (MBL) phase to the quantum-avalanche instability by studying the dynamics of a localized spin chain coupled to a $T=\infty$ thermal bath through its leftmost site. By analyzing local magnetizations, we estimate the size of the thermalized sector of the chain and find that it increases logarithmically slowly in time. This logarithmically slow propagation of the thermalization front allows us to lower bound the slowest thermalization time, and find a broad parameter range where it scales fast enough with the system size that MBL is robust against thermalization induced by avalanches. The further finding that the imbalance -- a global quantity measuring localization -- thermalizes over a time scale exponential both in disorder strength and system size is in agreement with these results.
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