GMT-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF) 红色相机光学系统的离轴哈特曼波前传感
Off-axis Hartmann wavefront sensing for the GMT-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF) red camera optics
AI总结：
本文提出一种将经典哈特曼检验推广至离轴视场和任意参考波前的波前传感方法，通过在两个离焦面拍摄图像并求解非线性偏微分方程估计波前误差，并在 G-CLEF 红色相机系统模拟数据上得到验证。
摘要：
哈特曼检验是一种用于测量聚焦光学系统中波前误差的方法，其中在系统的孔径光阑处放置一个带有小孔图案的掩模。通过在离焦面上拍摄图像，可以测量重成像小孔的理想位置与实际位置之间的差异（称为横向像差），进而用于估计波前误差。然而，哈特曼检验通常用于轴上视场。在本文中，我们提出了一种波前传感方法，将经典哈特曼检验推广至离轴视场角和任意参考波前。我们的方法包括在两个离焦面上拍摄图像，然后利用两个面上的实际重成像小孔位置来估计来自系统出射瞳（参考波前所在位置）的光线轨迹。接着，我们将光线从参考波前正向传播至两个离焦面之一，以求出理想的重成像小孔位置，从而计算出横向像差。我们推导并求解了一组将横向像差与波前误差联系起来的非线性偏微分方程，使用了 Zernike 分解和非线性最小二乘法。我们的方法已在 GMT-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF) 的 7 片透镜 f/2.25 红色相机系统的模拟数据上得到验证，G-CLEF 是一台高分辨率光学阶梯光栅光谱仪，将成为 Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) 的首光仪器。
英文摘要：
The Hartmann test is a method used to measure the wavefront error in a focal optical system, wherein a mask with a pattern of small holes is placed at the system's aperture stop. By taking an image at a defocused plane, the differences between the ideal and real positions of the reimaged holes (called the transverse ray aberrations) can be measured, which can then be used to estimate the wavefront error. However, the Hartmann test is usually used with an on-axis field. In this paper, we present a wavefront sensing method which generalizes the classical Hartmann test for off-axis field angles and arbitrary reference wavefronts. Our method involves taking images at two defocused planes, and then using the real reimaged hole positions on both planes to estimate the trajectories of rays from the system's exit pupil, at which the reference wavefront is situated. We then propagate the rays forward from the reference wavefront to one of the two defocused planes, in order to find the ideal reimaged hole positions, from which we can compute transverse ray aberrations. We derive and solve a pair of nonlinear partial differential equations relating transverse ray aberrations to wavefront error, using Zernike decomposition and nonlinear least squares. Our method has been verified on simulated data from the 7-lens f/2.25 red camera system of the GMT-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF), a high resolution optical echelle spectrograph which will be a first light instrument for the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT).
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
