“你有多孤独？”社会联系和农场特征在农民自述孤独感中的作用及其重要性
"How lonely are you?" The role of social contacts and farm characteristics in farmers' self-reported feelings of loneliness, and why it matters
AI总结：
本研究基于瑞士Entlebuch山区110名农场管理者的调查数据，运用路径分析探讨孤独感、社会联系与农业结构性因素的关联，发现高工作量通过直接和间接途径加剧孤独感，而短食品供应链则有助于缓解孤独感。
摘要：
农民的孤独感和社会隔离是日益严重的公共卫生问题。其促成因素是多方面的，其中一些与农业的结构性变化有关，例如由于更高的工作量、农村人口减少或合作机会减少。我们的工作基于对瑞士Entlebuch山区110名农场管理者的调查并结合农业普查数据，探讨了农业中孤独感、社会联系和结构性因素之间的相互联系。我们使用路径分析，其中孤独感是主要结果，社会联系既是解释变量也是被解释变量。我们发现，3%的受访者表示他们经常或非常经常感到孤独，其余人有时（20%）、很少（40%）或从不（38%）感到孤独。工作量较大的管理者报告称他们更频繁地感到孤独，这种关系既是直接的，也是间接的，因为社会联系频率较低。然而，物理隔离并不是孤独感的重要预测因素。此外，短食品供应链与较少的孤独感相关。我们的研究揭示了结构性变化对农村地区社会结构的影响。
英文摘要：
Loneliness and social isolation among farmers are growing public health concerns. The contributing factors are manifold, and some of them are linked to structural change in agriculture, for instance because of higher workloads, rural depopulation, or reduced opportunities for collaboration. Our work explores the interconnections between loneliness, social contacts, and structural factors in agriculture based on a survey of 110 farm managers in the mountain region of Entlebuch, Switzerland combined with agricultural census data. We use path analysis, in which loneliness is the main outcome, and social contacts are an explanatory and explained variable. We find that 3% of respondents report that they feel lonely frequently or very frequently, and the rest sometimes (20%), rarely (40%) or never (38%). Managers with higher workloads report feeling lonely more frequently, and this relationship is direct, as well as indirect because of less frequent social contacts. However, physical isolation is not a significant predictor of loneliness. Moreover, short food supply chains correlate with less frequent loneliness feelings. Our study sheds light on the effects that structural change can have on the social fabric of rural areas.
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