重新审视基于立方体方法的随机化
Revisiting Randomization with the Cube Method
AI总结:
本文提出基于立方体方法的新随机化程序,实现近精确协变量平衡,推导不平衡界限及估计量渐近性质,并通过模拟证明其在多协变量下显著提升精度。
摘要:
我们引入一种基于立方体方法的新随机化程序用于实验,该程序实现了近乎精确的协变量平衡。这确保了符合标准平衡检验,并允许在众多协变量上进行平衡,从而能够利用实验前信息更精确地估计处理效应。我们推导了不平衡度作为样本量和协变量维度函数的理论界限,并建立了所得估计量的一致性和渐近正态性。模拟结果表明,与现有方法相比,在精度和协变量平衡方面有显著改进,尤其是在协变量数量较多时。
英文摘要:
We introduce a new randomization procedure for experiments based on the cube method, which achieves near-exact covariate balance. This ensures compliance with standard balance tests and allows for balancing on many covariates, enabling more precise estimation of treatment effects using pre-experimental information. We derive theoretical bounds on imbalance as functions of sample size and covariate dimension, and establish consistency and asymptotic normality of the resulting estimators. Simulations show substantial improvements in precision and covariate balance over existing methods, particularly when the number of covariates is large.
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