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arXiv 2407.12932astro-ph.GA
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宇宙学重子模拟中高效且精确的力场重演

Efficient and accurate force replay in cosmological-baryonic simulations

Arpit Arora, Robyn Sanderson, Christopher Regan, Nicolás Garavito-Camargo, Emily Bregou, Nondh Panithanpaisal, Andrew Wetzel, Emily C. Cunningham, Sarah R. Loeb… 展开作者

Arpit Arora, Robyn Sanderson, Christopher Regan, Nicolás Garavito-Camargo, Emily Bregou, Nondh Panithanpaisal, Andrew Wetzel, Emily C. Cunningham, Sarah R. Loebman, Adriana Dropulic, Nora Shipp

AI总结:

本文基于 FIRE-2 模拟用低阶基函数展开构建时变引力势模型,实现高效精确的力场重演与长时标轨道积分。

摘要:

我们利用基函数展开,为来自 FIRE-2 宇宙学重子模拟套件的一个银河系质量星系构建随时间演化的引力势模型。这些模型用球谐函数刻画晕的角向变化、用方位角谐函数刻画盘的角向变化,并用样条函数刻画径向或经向平面的变化。在该星系演化最近 4 Gyr 期间,我们对间隔约 25 Myr 的每个快照拟合低阶展开(4 个角向/谐函数项),随后在离散时刻提取力,并在相邻快照之间进行插值,以用于前向轨道积分。我们的方法以高保真度重建模拟粒子所感受到的力:在自引力子晕之外,盘和晕中 95% 的恒星与暗物质在两个区域内的误差均不超过 4%。对模型施加对称性会系统性地增大这些误差,对盘粒子尤其明显,因为它们对所施加的对称性更敏感。使用这些模型恢复的大多数轨道在 2–3 个轨道周期内位置误差不超过 10%;在银心附近停留时间更长的轨道误差更高。即使将势的采样间隔增大到 200 Myr,仍能以高精度获取近似运动积分量。积分 4 Gyr 后,分别有 43% 和 70% 的轨道总能量和角动量误差在 10% 以内。因此,近心点和远心点等轨道形状参数具有更高可靠性,即使经历多个轨道周期,误差也约为 10%。这些技术具有多种应用,包括在宇宙学背景下研究卫星星系瓦解。

英文摘要:

We construct time-evolving gravitational potential models for a Milky Way-mass galaxy from the FIRE-2 suite of cosmological-baryonic simulations using basis function expansions. These models capture the angular variation with spherical harmonics for the halo and azimuthal harmonics for the disk, and the radial or meridional plane variation with splines. We fit low-order expansions (4 angular/harmonic terms) to the galaxy's potential for each snapshot, spaced roughly 25 Myr apart, over the last 4 Gyr of its evolution, then extract the forces at discrete times and interpolate them between adjacent snapshots for forward orbit integration. Our method reconstructs the forces felt by simulation particles with high fidelity, with 95% of both stars and dark matter, outside of self-gravitating subhalos, exhibiting errors $\leq$4% in both the disk and the halo. Imposing symmetry on the model systematically increases these errors, particularly for disk particles, which show greater sensitivity to imposed symmetries. The majority of orbits recovered using the models exhibit positional errors $\leq$10% for 2-3 orbital periods, with higher errors for orbits that spend more time near the galactic center. Approximate integrals of motion are retrieved with high accuracy even with a larger potential sampling interval of 200 Myr. After 4 Gyr of integration, 43% and 70% of orbits have total energy and angular momentum errors within 10%, respectively. Consequently, there is higher reliability in orbital shape parameters such as pericenters and apocenters, with errors $\sim$10% even after multiple orbital periods. These techniques have diverse applications, including studying satellite disruption in cosmological contexts.

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