引力坍缩的原则性参数化方法
The principled-parameterized approach to gravitational collapse
AI总结：
本文将原则性参数化方法应用于引力坍缩的含时时空，发现通过度规修改使Vaidya时空正规化，零测地线未来完备，且新物理效应在视界内被屏蔽，除非经典时空存在裸奇点。
摘要：
广义相对论之外的新物理影响黑洞时空。通过遵循原则性参数化方法，可以在很大程度上以与理论无关的方式研究新物理的效应。在该方法中，通过遵循一系列原则（如正规性，即不存在曲率奇点）来升级经典黑洞度规。我们期望这些原则在广义相对论之外的许多理论中成立。在本文中，我们将该方法应用于描述引力坍缩的含时时空。我们发现，通过与稳态黑洞时空[1-3]相同的时空度规修改，Vaidya时空变得正规。我们研究了零测地线，并发现有迹象表明这种修改甚至足以使零测地线未来完备。最后，我们发现时空结构的修改导致在形成的黑洞表观视界内的有限区域内违反零能量条件。零测地线被吸引到该区域的边界，使得新物理效应被屏蔽于渐近观察者之外。但如果经典时空具有裸奇点，则会出现例外：此时升级后的时空无奇点，且来自正规核心的零测地线可以逃逸至渐近观察者。
英文摘要：
New physics beyond General Relativity impacts black-hole spacetimes. The effects of new physics can be investigated in a largely theory-agnostic way by following the principled-parameterized approach. In this approach, a classical black-hole metric is upgraded by following a set of principles, such as regularity, i.e., the absence of curvature singularities. We expect these principles to hold in many theories beyond General Relativity. In the present paper, we implement this approach for time-dependent spacetimes describing gravitational collapse. We find that the Vaidya spacetime becomes regular through the same modification of the spacetime metric as stationary black-hole spacetimes [1-3]. We investigate null geodesics and find indications that the modification is even sufficient to render null geodesics future complete. Finally, we find that the modification of the spacetime structure results in violations of the null energy condition in a finite region inside the apparent horizon of the black hole that forms. Null geodesics are attracted to the boundary of this region, such that the new-physics effects are shielded from asymptotic observers. An exception occurs, if the classical spacetime has a naked singularity. Then, the upgraded spacetime is singularity-free and null geodesics from the regular core can escape towards asymptotic observers.
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